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利用一个继电器来实现脚踏鼠标按钮

实现一个利用按钮鼠标继电器

2023-09-11 14:15:22 时间

➤ 01自动记录测试数据

在实验台上集成了两组万用表，通过联网可以通过PYTHON语句自动将万用表的读数自动录入CSDN的markdown的编辑器，提高试验记录的效率和准确性。

第一组万用表：使用MEGA8单片机中继通过UART连入计算机
(1) FLUKE45；(2) FLUKE45；(3) LINT-T； (4)MASTECK
第二组万用表：使用网络连入计算机
（1） RIGOL DM3068

记录数据的PYTHON命令： meterrec: CMD

▲ 左：指尖鼠标；右：拆开的继电器线圈

^{▲ 左：指尖鼠标；右：拆开的继电器线圈}

为了便于解放出双手来操作测量万用表的表笔，用于触发记录的鼠标左键按动则使用一个指尖鼠标来进行。鼠标的动作利用一个铁丝外加一个继电器线圈来触动动作。

➤ 02驱动制作

1.驱动电路

由于电磁铁来自于一个220V驱动的小型继电器，因此控制电路直接采用来自于220V室内交流整流后的电压来驱动。

为了增加动作力量，在鼠标的按动铁丝的底部安装有永磁铁。

▲ 驱动电路图

^{▲ 驱动电路图}

2.动作效果

采用脚动踏板开关（K）可以驱动指尖鼠标的正常的动作。

▲ 按键动作

^{▲ 按键动作}

3.为什么需要对220VAC进行整流滤波？

虽然直接施加220V交流电压到继电器的线圈，可以使其吸引铁质（铁丝），但是由于该电磁铁索固定的位置存在一个大型的永磁铁。由于外部的强磁场的偏执，这使得所产生的吸引力出现了较大的抖动（50Hz），而不是100Hz的脉动吸引力了。
使用半波整流，也是出现了这50Hz脉动吸引力，使得继电器作用在小型磁铁上的力出现较大的抖动。
只有通过全波整理，并且进行滤波，所产生的作用力才比较平稳。

※ 程序代码

下面是METERREC对应的PYTHON命令：

#!/usr/local/bin/python
# -*- coding: gbk -*-
#============================================================
# METERREC.PY                     -- by Dr. ZhuoQing 2020-07-06
#
# Note:
#============================================================

from headm import *
import os
from tsmodule.tsstm32       import *
from tsmodule.tsvisa        import *

#------------------------------------------------------------
csdn_title = '写文章-CSDN博客'

#============================================================

#------------------------------------------------------------
def val2decimalstring(val, dn=-1):
    if dn == 0:
        return '%d '%val
    elif dn == 1:
        return '%3.1f '%val
    elif dn == 2:
        return '%4.2f '%val
    elif dn == 3:
        return '%5.3f '%val
    elif dn == 4:
        return '%6.4f '%val
    elif dn == 5:
        return '%7.5f '%val
    elif dn == 6:
        return '%8.6f '%val
    elif dn == 7:
        return '%9.7f '%val
    elif dn == 8:
        return '%10.8f '%val
    else:
        return '%f '%val

#------------------------------------------------------------
def getchannelval(ch):
    if ch == 9:
        input = tspinputline(string='', hint='Input Value', title='Input').strip(' ')
        if len(input) > 0:
            return float(input)
        else: return 0

    if ch < 4:
        for i in range(20):
            meter = meterval()
            if len(meter) >= 4:
                val = meter[ch]
                break

        else: val = 0

    elif ch == 4:
        val = dm3068vdc()
    elif ch == 5:
        val = dm3068vac()
    elif ch == 6:
        val = dm3068res()
    elif ch == 7:
        val = dm3068freq()
    else:
        val = dm3068vdc()

    return val

#------------------------------------------------------------
def waitclick():
    tspbeep(1800, 350)
    while True:
        key = tspread()
        if key[2] != 0 or key[3] != 0: break
        time.sleep(.5)

    while True:
        key = tspread()
        if key[2] == 0 or key[3] == 0: break
        time.sleep(.5)

#------------------------------------------------------------
def tspclickaction(func1=None, func2=None):
    global workmode
    global tablesection, tableid
    global ch1data, ch2data, ch3data, ch4data
    global ch5data, ch6data, ch7data, ch8data

    #--------------------------------------------------------
    def f1():
        tspmsg('msg \a')

    def f2():
        printf('\a')

    if func1 == None:
        func1 = f1

    if func2 == None:
        func2 = f2
    #--------------------------------------------------------
    codeflag = 0

    if len(tablesection) > 0:
        printf(' '.join(tablesection))

    linenum = 0
    #--------------------------------------------------------

    while True:
        if codeflag == 0:
            time.sleep(.5)
        else: time.sleep(.5)

        key = tspread()

        if key[7] != 0 and codeflag == 0:
            if key[2] != 0:
                tspmsgcopy()
                tspclr()

                tspbeep(1200, 100)
                codeflag = 1

                if len(tablesection) > 0:
                    tspexecutepythoncmd('cdpt')

                if len(tablesection) > 0:
                    printf(' '.join(tablesection))

                continue

            if key[3] != 0:
                return

        if key[2] != 0 and codeflag == 0:
            codeflag = 1
            continue

        if key[3] != 0 and codeflag == 0:
            codeflag = 2
            continue

        if codeflag != 0:
            if key[2] == 0 and key[3] == 0:
                if codeflag == 1:
                    func1()
                    linenum = linenum + 1
                    if len(tablesection) > 0:
                        if linenum >= len(tablesection) - tableid:
                            func2()
                            linenum = 0

                elif codeflag == 2:
                    if len(tablesection) == 0:
                        func2()
                        if workmode == 1:
                            ch1data = []
                            ch2data = []
                            ch3data = []
                            ch4data = []
                            ch5data = []
                            ch6data = []
                            ch7data = []
                            ch8data = []
                            tspclr()
                            printf('Record data %s at %s:'%(datafilename, str(datachannel)))
                    else:
                        tspclr()
                        tspbeep(1200, 200)
                        if len(tablesection) > 0:
                            printf(' '.join(tablesection))

                    linenum = 0

                codeflag = 0
                continue

            if key[2] != 0 and key[3] != 0:
                if codeflag == 1:
                    printf("\r\n")
                    tspmsgcopy()
                    tspbeep(1200, 100)
                    codeflag = 3

                    if len(tablesection) > 0:
                        tspexecutepythoncmd('cdpt')
                    time.sleep(1.5)
                    tspclr()

                    if len(tablesection) > 0:
                        printf(' '.join(tablesection))

                    tspbeep(1500, 100)

                    continue

                elif codeflag == 2:
                    return

#------------------------------------------------------------
windowtitle = tspgetwindowtitle()
findflag = 0

meterfile = r'D:\zhuoqing\window\cb\MyResearch\Test\TestAD5344\M8BL_BAS\M8BL_BAS.exe'

for wt in windowtitle:
    if wt.find('MEGA8 DOWLOAD PROGERAM') >= 0:
        findflag = 1
        break

if findflag == 0:
    os.system(meterfile)
    time.sleep(.5)
    tspbeep(1200, 200)

#============================================================
#------------------------------------------------------------

workmode = 0                    # 0  Record the table data
                                # 1  Record data file

meterid = 0
#decimalnum = -1                 # Decimal number no limited
decimaldim = [-1] * 32

datafilename = ''
datachannel = []
waitchannel = []

tablesection = []               #
tableid = 0                     #

#------------------------------------------------------------
if len(sys.argv) > 1:
    #--------------------------------------------------------
    if sys.argv[1][0] == '#':
        chstr = sys.argv[1][1:]
        dnum = -1
        if chstr.find('.') > 0:
            csc = chstr.split('.')
            if csc[0].isdigit() and csc[1].isdigit():
                ch = int(csc[0])
                dnum = int(csc[1])
                chval = getchannelval(ch)
                insertstr = val2decimalstring(chval, dnum)
                clipboard.copy(insertstr)
                tspsendwindowkey(csdn_title, 'v', control=1, noreturn=1)
                clipboard.copy('')
                tspfocuswindow(csdn_title)
                exit()
        elif chstr.isdigit():
            ch = int(chstr)
            dnum = -1
            chval = getchannelval(ch)
            insertstr = val2decimalstring(chval, dnum)
            clipboard.copy(insertstr)
            tspsendwindowkey(csdn_title, 'v', control=1, noreturn=1)
            clipboard.copy('')
            tspfocuswindow(csdn_title)
            exit()
        elif chstr == 'dt':
            insertstr = time.strftime('%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S')
            clipboard.copy(insertstr)
            tspsendwindowkey(csdn_title, 'v', control=1, noreturn=1)
            clipboard.copy('')
            tspfocuswindow(csdn_title)
            exit()
        elif chstr == 'date' or chstr == 'd':
            insertstr = time.strftime('%Y-%m-%d')
            clipboard.copy(insertstr)
            tspsendwindowkey(csdn_title, 'v', control=1, noreturn=1)
            clipboard.copy('')
            tspfocuswindow(csdn_title)
            exit()
        elif chstr == 'time' or chstr == 't':
            insertstr = time.strftime('%H:%M:%S')
            clipboard.copy(insertstr)
            tspsendwindowkey(csdn_title, 'v', control=1, noreturn=1)
            clipboard.copy('')
            tspfocuswindow(csdn_title)
            exit()

    #--------------------------------------------------------

    if sys.argv[1].isdigit() == False and\
       sys.argv[1].find('.') < 0:
        datafilename = sys.argv[1]

        for s in sys.argv[2:]:
            if s.isdigit() == False and\
               s.find('.') < 0:
                printf("meterrec datafile ch1 ch2 ...")
                exit()
            if s.isdigit() == True:
                if not int(s) in datachannel:
                    datachannel.append(int(s))
                    waitchannel.append(0)
                else:
                    waitchannel[datachannel.index(int(s))] = 1

            else:
                sc = s.split('.')

                if not int(sc[0]) in datachannel:
                    decimaldim[len(datachannel)] = int(sc[1])
                    datachannel.append(int(sc[0]))
                    waitchannel.append(0)
                else:
                    waitchannel[datachannel.index(sc[0])] = 1

        if len(datachannel) == 0:
            printf("meterrec datafile ch1 ch2 ...")
            exit()

        workmode = 1             #

    else:
        if sys.argv[1].isdigit():
            meterid = int(sys.argv[1])
        elif sys.argv[1].find('.') >= 0:
            sc = sys.argv[1].split('.')
            meterid = int(sc[0])
            decimaldim = [int(sc[1])] * 32

        if len(sys.argv) > 2:
            if sys.argv[2].isdigit():
#                decimalnum = int(sys.argv[2])
                dn = int(sys.argv[2])
                decimaldim = [dn] * 32
                tablesection = sys.argv[3:]
            else:
                tablesection = sys.argv[2:]

for s in tablesection:
    if s.find('#') >=0:
        tableid = 1

tablesection = [s.strip('#') for s in tablesection]

#------------------------------------------------------------
if meterid > 3:
    dm3068open()
elif len(datachannel) > 0:
    for c in datachannel:
        if c > 3:
            dm3068open()
            break

#------------------------------------------------------------

#============================================================
#------------------------------------------------------------
def tspmsgdecimal(val, dn=-1):
    if dn == 0:
        tspmsg('%d '%val)
    elif dn == 1:
        tspmsg('%3.1f '%val)
    elif dn == 2:
        tspmsg('%4.2f '%val)
    elif dn == 3:
        tspmsg('%5.3f '%val)
    elif dn == 4:
        tspmsg('%6.4f '%val)
    elif dn == 5:
        tspmsg('%7.5f '%val)
    elif dn == 6:
        tspmsg('%8.6f '%val)
    elif dn == 7:
        tspmsg('%9.7f '%val)
    elif dn == 8:
        tspmsg('%10.8f '%val)
    else:
        tspmsg('%f '%val)

#------------------------------------------------------------
def recordchannel():
#    global decimalnum
    dn = decimaldim[meterid]
    val = 0

    val = getchannelval(meterid)
    tspmsgdecimal(val, dn)
    tspbeep(2000, 200)

#------------------------------------------------------------
ch1data = []
ch2data = []
ch3data = []
ch4data = []
ch5data = []
ch6data = []
ch7data = []
ch8data = []

def recorddata():
    global datafilename
    global datachannel
#    global decimalnum
    global decimaldim
    global ch1data, ch2data, ch3data, ch4data
    global ch5data, ch6data, ch7data, ch8data

    tspbeep(1200, 50)
    if len(datachannel) == 0:
        printf('ERROR: Channel number: 0.')
        exit()
    if len(datafilename) == 0:
        printf("ERROR: Data file length is zero.")
        exit()

    if len(ch1data) == 0:
        tspclr()

    if len(datachannel) >= 1:
        if waitchannel[0] != 0: waitclick()
        ch1data.append(getchannelval(datachannel[0]))
        tspmsgdecimal(ch1data[-1], decimaldim[0])
    if len(datachannel) >= 2:
        if waitchannel[1] != 0: waitclick()
        ch2data.append(getchannelval(datachannel[1]))
        tspmsgdecimal(ch2data[-1], decimaldim[1])
    if len(datachannel) >= 3:
        if waitchannel[2] != 0: waitclick()
        ch3data.append(getchannelval(datachannel[2]))
        tspmsgdecimal(ch3data[-1], decimaldim[2])
    if len(datachannel) >= 4:
        if waitchannel[3] != 0: waitclick()
        ch4data.append(getchannelval(datachannel[3]))
        tspmsgdecimal(ch4data[-1], decimaldim[3])
    if len(datachannel) >= 5:
        if waitchannel[4] != 0: waitclick()
        ch5data.append(getchannelval(datachannel[4]))
        tspmsgdecimal(ch5data[-1], decimaldim[4])
    if len(datachannel) >= 6:
        if waitchannel[5] != 0: waitclick()
        ch6data.append(getchannelval(datachannel[5]))
        tspmsgdecimal(ch6data[-1], decimaldim[5])
    if len(datachannel) >= 7:
        if waitchannel[6] != 0: waitclick()
        ch7data.append(getchannelval(datachannel[6]))
        tspmsgdecimal(ch7data[-1], decimaldim[6])
    if len(datachannel) >= 8:
        if waitchannel[7] != 0: waitclick()
        ch8data.append(getchannelval(datachannel[7]))
        tspmsgdecimal(ch8data[-1], decimaldim[7])

    if len(datachannel) == 1:
        tspsave(datafilename, ch1=ch1data)
    if len(datachannel) == 2:
        tspsave(datafilename, ch1=ch1data, ch2=ch2data)
    if len(datachannel) == 3:
        tspsave(datafilename, ch1=ch1data, ch2=ch2data, ch3=ch3data)
    if len(datachannel) == 4:
        tspsave(datafilename, ch1=ch1data, ch2=ch2data, ch3=ch3data, ch4=ch4data)
    if len(datachannel) == 5:
        tspsave(datafilename, ch1=ch1data, ch2=ch2data, ch3=ch3data, ch4=ch4data, ch5=ch5data)
    if len(datachannel) == 6:
        tspsave(datafilename, ch1=ch1data, ch2=ch2data, ch3=ch3data, ch4=ch4data, ch5=ch5data, ch6=ch6data)
    if len(datachannel) == 7:
        tspsave(datafilename, ch1=ch1data, ch2=ch2data, ch3=ch3data, ch4=ch4data, ch5=ch5data, ch6=ch6data, ch7=ch7data)
    if len(datachannel) == 8:
        tspsave(datafilename, ch1=ch1data, ch2=ch2data, ch3=ch3data, ch4=ch4data, ch5=ch5data, ch6=ch6data, ch7=ch7data, ch8=ch8data)

    printf("\a")

#------------------------------------------------------------
time.sleep(.5)
tspbeep(1000, 500)
tspclr()
clipboard.copy('')

#------------------------------------------------------------
if workmode == 1:
    printf('Record data %s at %s:'%(datafilename, str(datachannel)))
    tspshowcaption('Record data %s at %s:'%(datafilename, str(datachannel)))
    tspclickaction(recorddata)
else:
    tspclickaction(recordchannel)

#------------------------------------------------------------
tspmsgcopy()
tspbeep(500, 200)

#------------------------------------------------------------
#        END OF FILE : METERREC.PY
#============================================================

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