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C#中实现输入汉字获取其拼音(汉字转拼音)的2种方法

c#方法输入 实现 获取 汉字 拼音
2023-06-13 09:15:39 时间

前不久看到有的朋友实现对商品名称拼音的录入,发现他的实现方式是手动输入的,—_—#、同志们,福利来了!

本文刚发布时,只写了一个实现方式,使用的是微软的语言包,但是对多音字的效果不怎么理想,甚至个别字会出现很诡异的错误,因此,现在扩展另一个方法,手动实现。

方式一、使用微软语言包

微软为了开发者实现国际化语言的互转,提供了MicrosoftVisualStudioInternationalPack,这个扩展包里面有中文、日文、韩文、英语等各国语言包,并提供方法实现互转、获取拼音、获取字数、甚至获取笔画数等等。
[这种方式对多音字的效果不怎么理想,但是,这个方法比较简单,直接导入包就可以了,因此,对于那些只需要个别语句进行处理的或者不注重多音字的,可以使用这种方式,毕竟简便嘛。]

在这里示例讲的是输入汉字,获取其拼音,获取拼音和获取拼音首字母实现效果分别如下:

首先,去微软官网下载MicrosoftVisualStudioInternationalPack语言包,下载地址分别如下:

MicrosoftVisualStudioInternationalPack1.0SR1、MicrosoftVisualStudioInternationalFeaturePack2.0

下载后分别是“vsintlpack1.zip”、“Vsintlpack2.msi”、双击“Vsintlpack2.msi”安装、路径随意、但是要记得、因为一会要引用的、

 安装“Vsintlpack2.msi”之后、解压“vsintlpack1.zip”、里面包含七个语言包、
 例如中文转拼音“CHSPinYinConv.msi”、简体繁体互转“CHTCHSConv.msi”等等。。

 在这里我们用到的是“CHSPinYinConv.msi”、双击安装成功后、打开VisualStudio、新建一个WinForm项目、窗体布局如上图所示、

首先:添加刚刚安装的语言包引用:

复制代码代码如下:

“D:\ProgramFiles(x86)\MicrosoftVisualStudioInternationalPack\SimplifiedChinesePin-YinConversionLibrary\ChnCharInfo.dll”

默认是C盘、在这里我安装在D盘了,然后添加using引用:

1usingMicrosoft.International.Converters.PinYinConverter;//导入拼音相关

创建获取拼音的方法:

复制代码代码如下:


///<summary>
///汉字转化为拼音
///</summary>
///<paramname="str">汉字</param>
///<returns>全拼</returns>
publicstaticstringGetPinyin(stringstr)
{
   stringr=string.Empty;
   foreach(charobjinstr)
   {
       try
       {
           ChineseCharchineseChar=newChineseChar(obj);
           stringt=chineseChar.Pinyins[0].ToString();
           r+=t.Substring(0,t.Length-1);
       }
       catch
       {
           r+=obj.ToString();
       }
   }
   returnr;
}

创建获取汉字拼音首字母的方法:

复制代码代码如下:
///<summary>
///汉字转化为拼音首字母
///</summary>
///<paramname="str">汉字</param>
///<returns>首字母</returns>
publicstaticstringGetFirstPinyin(stringstr)
{
   stringr=string.Empty;
   foreach(charobjinstr)
   {
       try
       {
           ChineseCharchineseChar=newChineseChar(obj);
           stringt=chineseChar.Pinyins[0].ToString();
           r+=t.Substring(0,1);
       }
       catch
       {
           r+=obj.ToString();
       }
   }
   returnr;
}

然后在“转拼音”按钮的点击事件中调用上述方法:

复制代码代码如下:
//汉字转拼音
privatevoidbtn_One_Click(objectsender,EventArgse)
{
   stringsource=this.txt_ChineseCharacter_One.Text.Trim(); //得到输入的源字符
   stringresult=GetPinyin(source); //调用方法,获取拼音
   this.txt_Pinyin_One.Text=result;
}

在“转首字母”按钮点击事件中调用上述方法:

复制代码代码如下:
//转首字母
privatevoidbtn_Two_Click(objectsender,EventArgse)
{
   stringsource=this.txt_ChineseCharacter_One.Text.Trim(); //得到输入的源字符
   stringresult=GetFirstPinyin(source); //调用方法,获取拼音
   this.txt_Pinyin_One.Text=result;
}

到此,已经完成了80%,运行程序,你会发现,当点击“转拼音”的时候,结果是这样子的:

并不是我开始说的那种“GuYing”的效果啊、这是因为我在获取拼音的时候简单的处理了一下:

复制代码代码如下:
//汉字转拼音
privatevoidbtn_One_Click(objectsender,EventArgse)
{
   stringsource=this.txt_ChineseCharacter_One.Text.Trim(); //得到输入的源字符

   stringresult=string.Empty;  //转拼音的结果
   stringtemp=string.Empty;//下面foreach用到的临时变量
   foreach(chariteminsource)  //遍历每个源字符
   {
       temp=GetPinyin(item.ToString()); //将每个字符转拼音
       //处理:获取首字母大写、其余字母小写
       result+=(String.Format("{0}{1}",temp.Substring(0,1).ToUpper(),temp.Substring(1).ToLower()));
   }

   //stringresult=GetPinyin(source); //调用方法,获取拼音
   this.txt_Pinyin_One.Text=result;
}

 OK、到此、这个功能已经实现完成了,还有其余的语言包功能,和此类似,大家可以百度“MicrosoftVisualStudioInternationalPack使用”、各种语言之间的互转及功能示例就出来了。

方式二、手动编码实现

这种方式其实也不困难,说白了就是根据Unicode编码值,定义对应的拼音数组或集合,然后实现此效果。

首先定义拼音区编码数组:

复制代码代码如下:
//定义拼音区编码数组
privatestaticint[]getValue=newint[]
   {
       -20319,-20317,-20304,-20295,-20292,-20283,-20265,-20257,-20242,-20230,-20051,-20036,
       -20032,-20026,-20002,-19990,-19986,-19982,-19976,-19805,-19784,-19775,-19774,-19763,
       -19756,-19751,-19746,-19741,-19739,-19728,-19725,-19715,-19540,-19531,-19525,-19515,
       -19500,-19484,-19479,-19467,-19289,-19288,-19281,-19275,-19270,-19263,-19261,-19249,
       -19243,-19242,-19238,-19235,-19227,-19224,-19218,-19212,-19038,-19023,-19018,-19006,
       -19003,-18996,-18977,-18961,-18952,-18783,-18774,-18773,-18763,-18756,-18741,-18735,
       -18731,-18722,-18710,-18697,-18696,-18526,-18518,-18501,-18490,-18478,-18463,-18448,
       -18447,-18446,-18239,-18237,-18231,-18220,-18211,-18201,-18184,-18183,-18181,-18012,
       -17997,-17988,-17970,-17964,-17961,-17950,-17947,-17931,-17928,-17922,-17759,-17752,
       -17733,-17730,-17721,-17703,-17701,-17697,-17692,-17683,-17676,-17496,-17487,-17482,
       -17468,-17454,-17433,-17427,-17417,-17202,-17185,-16983,-16970,-16942,-16915,-16733,
       -16708,-16706,-16689,-16664,-16657,-16647,-16474,-16470,-16465,-16459,-16452,-16448,
       -16433,-16429,-16427,-16423,-16419,-16412,-16407,-16403,-16401,-16393,-16220,-16216,
       -16212,-16205,-16202,-16187,-16180,-16171,-16169,-16158,-16155,-15959,-15958,-15944,
       -15933,-15920,-15915,-15903,-15889,-15878,-15707,-15701,-15681,-15667,-15661,-15659,
       -15652,-15640,-15631,-15625,-15454,-15448,-15436,-15435,-15419,-15416,-15408,-15394,
       -15385,-15377,-15375,-15369,-15363,-15362,-15183,-15180,-15165,-15158,-15153,-15150,
       -15149,-15144,-15143,-15141,-15140,-15139,-15128,-15121,-15119,-15117,-15110,-15109,
       -14941,-14937,-14933,-14930,-14929,-14928,-14926,-14922,-14921,-14914,-14908,-14902,
       -14894,-14889,-14882,-14873,-14871,-14857,-14678,-14674,-14670,-14668,-14663,-14654,
       -14645,-14630,-14594,-14429,-14407,-14399,-14384,-14379,-14368,-14355,-14353,-14345,
       -14170,-14159,-14151,-14149,-14145,-14140,-14137,-14135,-14125,-14123,-14122,-14112,
       -14109,-14099,-14097,-14094,-14092,-14090,-14087,-14083,-13917,-13914,-13910,-13907,
       -13906,-13905,-13896,-13894,-13878,-13870,-13859,-13847,-13831,-13658,-13611,-13601,
       -13406,-13404,-13400,-13398,-13395,-13391,-13387,-13383,-13367,-13359,-13356,-13343,
       -13340,-13329,-13326,-13318,-13147,-13138,-13120,-13107,-13096,-13095,-13091,-13076,
       -13068,-13063,-13060,-12888,-12875,-12871,-12860,-12858,-12852,-12849,-12838,-12831,
       -12829,-12812,-12802,-12607,-12597,-12594,-12585,-12556,-12359,-12346,-12320,-12300,
       -12120,-12099,-12089,-12074,-12067,-12058,-12039,-11867,-11861,-11847,-11831,-11798,
       -11781,-11604,-11589,-11536,-11358,-11340,-11339,-11324,-11303,-11097,-11077,-11067,
       -11055,-11052,-11045,-11041,-11038,-11024,-11020,-11019,-11018,-11014,-10838,-10832,
       -10815,-10800,-10790,-10780,-10764,-10587,-10544,-10533,-10519,-10331,-10329,-10328,
       -10322,-10315,-10309,-10307,-10296,-10281,-10274,-10270,-10262,-10260,-10256,-10254
   };

然后定义拼音数组:

复制代码代码如下:
//定义拼音数组
privatestaticstring[]getName=newstring[]
   {
       "A","Ai","An","Ang","Ao","Ba","Bai","Ban","Bang","Bao","Bei","Ben",
       "Beng","Bi","Bian","Biao","Bie","Bin","Bing","Bo","Bu","Ba","Cai","Can",
       "Cang","Cao","Ce","Ceng","Cha","Chai","Chan","Chang","Chao","Che","Chen","Cheng",
       "Chi","Chong","Chou","Chu","Chuai","Chuan","Chuang","Chui","Chun","Chuo","Ci","Cong",
       "Cou","Cu","Cuan","Cui","Cun","Cuo","Da","Dai","Dan","Dang","Dao","De",
       "Deng","Di","Dian","Diao","Die","Ding","Diu","Dong","Dou","Du","Duan","Dui",
       "Dun","Duo","E","En","Er","Fa","Fan","Fang","Fei","Fen","Feng","Fo",
       "Fou","Fu","Ga","Gai","Gan","Gang","Gao","Ge","Gei","Gen","Geng","Gong",
       "Gou","Gu","Gua","Guai","Guan","Guang","Gui","Gun","Guo","Ha","Hai","Han",
       "Hang","Hao","He","Hei","Hen","Heng","Hong","Hou","Hu","Hua","Huai","Huan",
       "Huang","Hui","Hun","Huo","Ji","Jia","Jian","Jiang","Jiao","Jie","Jin","Jing",
       "Jiong","Jiu","Ju","Juan","Jue","Jun","Ka","Kai","Kan","Kang","Kao","Ke",
       "Ken","Keng","Kong","Kou","Ku","Kua","Kuai","Kuan","Kuang","Kui","Kun","Kuo",
       "La","Lai","Lan","Lang","Lao","Le","Lei","Leng","Li","Lia","Lian","Liang",
       "Liao","Lie","Lin","Ling","Liu","Long","Lou","Lu","Lv","Luan","Lue","Lun",
       "Luo","Ma","Mai","Man","Mang","Mao","Me","Mei","Men","Meng","Mi","Mian",
       "Miao","Mie","Min","Ming","Miu","Mo","Mou","Mu","Na","Nai","Nan","Nang",
       "Nao","Ne","Nei","Nen","Neng","Ni","Nian","Niang","Niao","Nie","Nin","Ning",
       "Niu","Nong","Nu","Nv","Nuan","Nue","Nuo","O","Ou","Pa","Pai","Pan",
       "Pang","Pao","Pei","Pen","Peng","Pi","Pian","Piao","Pie","Pin","Ping","Po",
       "Pu","Qi","Qia","Qian","Qiang","Qiao","Qie","Qin","Qing","Qiong","Qiu","Qu",
       "Quan","Que","Qun","Ran","Rang","Rao","Re","Ren","Reng","Ri","Rong","Rou",
       "Ru","Ruan","Rui","Run","Ruo","Sa","Sai","San","Sang","Sao","Se","Sen",
       "Seng","Sha","Shai","Shan","Shang","Shao","She","Shen","Sheng","Shi","Shou","Shu",
       "Shua","Shuai","Shuan","Shuang","Shui","Shun","Shuo","Si","Song","Sou","Su","Suan",
       "Sui","Sun","Suo","Ta","Tai","Tan","Tang","Tao","Te","Teng","Ti","Tian",
       "Tiao","Tie","Ting","Tong","Tou","Tu","Tuan","Tui","Tun","Tuo","Wa","Wai",
       "Wan","Wang","Wei","Wen","Weng","Wo","Wu","Xi","Xia","Xian","Xiang","Xiao",
       "Xie","Xin","Xing","Xiong","Xiu","Xu","Xuan","Xue","Xun","Ya","Yan","Yang",
       "Yao","Ye","Yi","Yin","Ying","Yo","Yong","You","Yu","Yuan","Yue","Yun",
       "Za","Zai","Zan","Zang","Zao","Ze","Zei","Zen","Zeng","Zha","Zhai","Zhan",
       "Zhang","Zhao","Zhe","Zhen","Zheng","Zhi","Zhong","Zhou","Zhu","Zhua","Zhuai","Zhuan",
       "Zhuang","Zhui","Zhun","Zhuo","Zi","Zong","Zou","Zu","Zuan","Zui","Zun","Zuo"
  };

然后定义转换字符串的方法:

复制代码代码如下:
///<summary>汉字转换成全拼的拼音</summary>
       ///<paramname="Chstr">汉字字符串</param>
       ///<returns>转换后的拼音字符串</returns>
       publicstringStrConvertToPinyin(stringChstr)
       {
           Regexreg=newRegex("^[\u4e00-\u9fa5]$");//验证是否输入汉字
           byte[]arr=newbyte[2];
           stringpystr="";
           intasc=0,M1=0,M2=0;
           char[]mChar=Chstr.ToCharArray();//获取汉字对应的字符数组
           for(intj=0;j<mChar.Length;j++)
           {
               //如果输入的是汉字
               if(reg.IsMatch(mChar[j].ToString()))
               {
                   arr=System.Text.Encoding.Default.GetBytes(mChar[j].ToString());
                   M1=(short)(arr[0]);
                   M2=(short)(arr[1]);
                   asc=M1*256+M2-65536;
                   if(asc>0&&asc<160)
                   {
                       pystr+=mChar[j];
                   }
                   else
                   {
                       switch(asc)
                       {
                           case-9254:
                               pystr+="Zhen";break;
                           case-8985:
                               pystr+="Qian";break;
                           case-5463:
                               pystr+="Jia";break;
                           case-8274:
                               pystr+="Ge";break;
                           case-5448:
                               pystr+="Ga";break;
                           case-5447:
                               pystr+="La";break;
                           case-4649:
                               pystr+="Chen";break;
                           case-5436:
                               pystr+="Mao";break;
                           case-5213:
                               pystr+="Mao";break;
                           case-3597:
                               pystr+="Die";break;
                           case-5659:
                               pystr+="Tian";break;
                           default:
                               for(inti=(getValue.Length-1);i>=0;i--)
                               {
                                   if(getValue[i]<=asc)//判断汉字的拼音区编码是否在指定范围内
                                   {
                                       pystr+=getName[i];//如果不超出范围则获取对应的拼音
                                       break;
                                   }
                               }
                               break;
                       }
                   }
               }
               else   //如果不是汉字
               {
                   pystr+=mChar[j].ToString();//如果不是汉字则返回
               }
           }
           returnpystr;//返回获取到的汉字拼音
       }

 这种方法虽然也会对多音字的识别也不是很理想,但是这种方式毕竟是手动实现的,可以手动控制,比如,“家长”,我们想得到的结果是“JiaZhang”,但是生成的结果却是“JiaChang”、

 对于这种包含多音字的词组,我们可以另行控制,比如,定义一个多音字数组和其对应的不同词组组合,在我们进行转换拼音的时候,判断,如果是多音字,那么在其词组中找到对应的拼音即可。

 类似于我们做Web开发时的关键字过滤。