Kubernetes 之 YAML 语法

YAML 是一种非常简洁/强大/专门用来写配置文件的语言！

YAML 全称是 ”YAML Ain’t a Markup Language” 的递归缩写，该语言的设计参考了 JSON / XML 和 SDL 等语言,强调以数据为中心，简洁易读，编写简单。

YAML 语法特性

学过编程的人理解起来应该非常容易

大小写敏感 通过缩进表示层级关系 禁止使用tab缩进，只能使用空格键 缩进的空格数目不重要，只要相同层级左对齐 使用#表示注释

# yaml

languages:

 - Ruby

 - Perl

 - Python

websites:

 YAML: yaml.org

 Ruby: ruby-lang.org

 Python: python.org

 Perl: use.perl.org

# Json

 languages: [

 Ruby,

 Perl,

 Python

 websites: {

 YAML: yaml.org,

 Ruby: ruby-lang.org,

 Python: python.org,

 Perl: use.perl.org

对象: 键值对的字典 数组: 一组按次序排列的列表 纯量: 单个的且不可再分的值

# 纯量

hello

- Cat

- Dog

- Goldfish

animal: pets

单引号 : 特殊字符作为普通字符串处理 双引号 : 特殊字符作为本身想表示的意思

# 单引号

name: Hi,/nTom

# 双引号

name: "Hi,/nTom"

内置类型列表

# YAML允许使用个感叹号(!)强制转换数据类型

# 单叹号通常是自定义类型，双叹号是内置类型

money: !!str

date: !Boolean

# 注意“|”与文本之间须另起一行

# 使用|标注的文本内容缩进表示的块，可以保留块中已有的回车换行

value: |

 hello

 world!

# 输出结果

# hello 换行 world！！

# +表示保留文字块末尾的换行

# -表示删除字符串末尾的换行

value: |

hello

value: |-

hello

value: |+

hello

# 输出结果

# hello/n hello hello/n/n

# 注意“ ”与文本之间的空格

# 使用 标注的文本内容缩进表示的块，将块中回车替换为空格最终连接成一行

value: hello

world!

# 输出结果

# hello 空格 world！

锚点与引用

# 复制代码注意*引用部分不能追加内容

# 使用 定义数据锚点，即要复制的数据

# 使用*引用锚点数据，即数据的复制目的地

name: a yaml

book: *a

books:

 - java

 - *a

 - python

# 输出结果

book： yaml

books：[java, yaml, python]

YAML 实例说明

光说不练假把式 = JS-Yaml 官网实例地址 https://nodeca.github.io/js-yaml

# Collection Types #############################################################

################################################################################

# http://yaml.org/type/map.html -----------------------------------------------#

 # Unordered set of key: value pairs.

 Block style: !!map

 Clark: Evans

 Ingy: döt Net

 Oren: Ben-Kiki

 Flow style: !!map { Clark: Evans, Ingy: döt Net, Oren: Ben-Kiki }

# http://yaml.org/type/omap.html ----------------------------------------------#

omap:

 # Explicitly typed ordered map (dictionary).

 Bestiary: !!omap

 - aardvark: African pig-like ant eater. Ugly.

 - anteater: South-American ant eater. Two species.

 - anaconda: South-American constrictor snake. Scaly.

 # Etc.

 # Flow style

 Numbers: !!omap [one: 1, two: 2, three: 3]

# http://yaml.org/type/pairs.html ---------------------------------------------#

pairs:

 # Explicitly typed pairs.

 Block tasks: !!pairs

 - meeting: with team.

 - meeting: with boss.

 - break: lunch.

 - meeting: with client.

 Flow tasks: !!pairs [meeting: with team, meeting: with boss]

# http://yaml.org/type/set.html -----------------------------------------------#

 # Explicitly typed set.

 baseball players: !!set

 ? Mark McGwire

 ? Sammy Sosa

 ? Ken Griffey

 # Flow style

 baseball teams: !!set { Boston Red Sox, Detroit Tigers, New York Yankees }

# http://yaml.org/type/seq.html -----------------------------------------------#

 # Ordered sequence of nodes

 Block style: !!seq

 - Mercury # Rotates - no light/dark sides.

 - Venus # Deadliest. Aptly named.

 - Earth # Mostly dirt.

 - Mars # Seems empty.

 - Jupiter # The king.

 - Saturn # Pretty.

 - Uranus # Where the sun hardly shines.

 - Neptune # Boring. No rings.

 - Pluto # You call this a planet?

 Flow style: !!seq [

 Mercury,

 Venus,

 Earth,

 Mars, # Rocks

 Jupiter,

 Saturn,

 Uranus,

 Neptune, # Gas

 Pluto,

 ] # Overrated

# Scalar Types #################################################################

################################################################################

# http://yaml.org/type/bool.html ----------------------------------------------#

bool:

 - true

 - True

 - TRUE

 - false

 - False

 - FALSE

# http://yaml.org/type/float.html ---------------------------------------------#

float:

 canonical: 6.8523015e+5

 exponentioal: 685.230_15e+03

 fixed: 685_230.15

 sexagesimal: 190:20:30.15

 negative infinity: -.inf

 not a number: .NaN

# http://yaml.org/type/int.html -----------------------------------------------#

 canonical: 685230

 decimal: +685_230

 octal: 02472256

 hexadecimal: 0x_0A_74_AE

 binary: 0b1010_0111_0100_1010_1110

 sexagesimal: 190:20:30

# http://yaml.org/type/merge.html ---------------------------------------------#

merge:

 - CENTER { x: 1, y: 2 }

 - LEFT { x: 0, y: 2 }

 - BIG { r: 10 }

 - SMALL { r: 1 }

 # All the following maps are equal:

 - # Explicit keys

 x: 1

 y: 2

 r: 10

 label: nothing

 - # Merge one map

 : *CENTER

 r: 10

 label: center

 - # Merge multiple maps

 : [*CENTER, *BIG]

 label: center/big

 - # Override

 function foobar() {

 return Wow! JS-YAML Rocks!;

# Custom types #################################################################

################################################################################

# JS-YAML allows you to specify a custom YAML types for your structures.

# This is a simple example of custom constructor defined in `js/demo.js` for

# custom `!sexy` type:

# var SexyYamlType = new jsyaml.Type(!sexy, {

# kind: sequence,

# construct: function (data) {

# return data.map(function (string) { return sexy  + string; });

# });

# var SEXY_SCHEMA = jsyaml.Schema.create([ SexyYamlType ]);

# result = jsyaml.load(yourData, { schema: SEXY_SCHEMA });

foobar: !sexy

 - bunny

 - chocolate

作者：Escape
文章来源：https://escapelife.github.io/posts/8032061c.html
（版权归原作者所有，侵删）

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原创文章，作者：ItWorker，如若转载，请注明出处：https://blog.ytso.com/52850.html

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