docker-容器启动入门

容器生命令周期

docker run 可以启动容器，进入到容器，并随机生成容器ID和名称

帮助：man docker-run

命令格式：

docker run [选项] [镜像名] [shell命令] [参数]

-i, --interactive Keep STDIN open even if not attached，通常和-t一起使用

-t, --tty Allocate a pseudo-TTY，通常和-i一起使用

-d, --detach Run container in background and print container ID,台后运行，默认前台

--name string Assign a name to the container

--rm Automatically remove the container when it exits

-p, --publish list Publish a container s port(s) to the host

-P, --publish-all Publish all exposed ports to random ports

--dns list Set custom DNS servers

--entrypoint string Overwrite the default ENTRYPOINT of the image

--restart policy 

--privileged Give extended privileges to container

有四种不同的policy

on-failure[:max-retries] on-failure[:max-retries] Restart only if the container exits with a non-zero exit status. Optionally, limit the number of restart retries the Docker daemon attempts.
always Always restart the container regardless of the exit status. When you specify always, the Docker daemon will try to restart the container indefinitely. The container will also always start on daemon startup, regardless of the current state of the container.
unless-stopped Always restart the container regardless of the exit status, but do not start it on daemon startup if the container has been put to a stopped state before.

[root@centos8 ~]# docker run hello-world

Unable to find image hello-world:latest locally

latest: Pulling from library/hello-world

1b930d010525: Pull complete 

Digest: sha256:9572f7cdcee8591948c2963463447a53466950b3fc15a247fcad1917ca215a2f

Status: Downloaded newer image for hello-world:latest

Hello from Docker!

This message shows that your installation appears to be working correctly.

To generate this message, Docker took the following steps:

 1. The Docker client contacted the Docker daemon.

 2. The Docker daemon pulled the hello-world image from the Docker Hub.

 (amd64)

 3. The Docker daemon created a new container from that image which runs the

 executable that produces the output you are currently reading.

 4. The Docker daemon streamed that output to the Docker client, which sent it

 to your terminal.

To try something more ambitious, you can run an Ubuntu container with:

 $ docker run -it ubuntu bash

Share images, automate workflows, and more with a free Docker ID:

 https://hub.docker.com/

For more examples and ideas, visit:

 https://docs.docker.com/get-started/

[root@centos8 ~]#docker images

REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE

hello-world latest fce289e99eb9 12 months ago 1.84kB

[root@centos8 ~]#docker ps -a

CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES

7f53a2a74edc hello-world /hello 21 seconds ago Exited (0) 19 seconds ago nifty_yalow

范例：

[root@ubuntu1804 ~]#docker run -it docker.io/busybox sh

Unable to find image busybox:latest locally

latest: Pulling from library/busybox

bdbbaa22dec6: Pull complete 

Digest: sha256:6915be4043561d64e0ab0f8f098dc2ac48e077fe23f488ac24b665166898115a

Status: Downloaded newer image for busybox:latest

/ # exit

[root@ubuntu1804 ~]#docker ps 

CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES

d7ece7f62532 centos /bin/bash 7 minutes ago Up 7 minutes ecstatic_franklin

范例：

 #启动的容器在执行完shel命令就退出，用于测试

[root@ubuntu1804 ~]#docker run busybox /bin/echo hello world 

hello world

[root@ubuntu1804 ~]#docker ps -a

CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES

dcdf71d17177 busybox /bin/echo hello wo… 24 seconds ago Exited (0) 23 seconds ago cool_jepsen

范例：

#启动容器，自动随机字符作为容器名

[root@ubuntu1804 ~]#docker run alpine 

[root@ubuntu1804 ~]#docker ps -a

CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES

95967eaefd6a alpine /bin/sh 8 seconds ago Exited (0) 6 seconds ago confident_elion

#指定容器名称，注意每个容器的名称要唯一

[root@ubuntu1804 ~]#docker run --name alpine1 alpine 

[root@ubuntu1804 ~]#docker ps 

CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES

[root@ubuntu1804 ~]#docker ps -a

CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES

edd2ac2690e6 alpine /bin/sh 9 seconds ago Exited (0) 8 seconds ago alpine1

#创建容器后直接进入，执行exit退出后容器关闭

[root@ubuntu1804 ~]#docker run -it --name alpine2 alpine 

/ # cat /etc/issue

Welcome to Alpine Linux 3.11

Kernel /r on an /m (/l)

/ # exit

[root@ubuntu1804 ~]#docker ps -a

CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES

6d64f47a83e6 alpine /bin/sh 13 seconds ago Exited (0) 6 seconds ago alpine2

edd2ac2690e6 alpine /bin/sh 52 seconds ago Exited (0) 51 seconds ago alpine1

[root@ubuntu1804 ~]#docker run -it --name alpine3 alpine 

/ # [root@ubuntu1804 ~]#docker ps -a

CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES

df428caf7128 alpine /bin/sh 8 seconds ago Up 7 seconds alpine3

6d64f47a83e6 alpine /bin/sh 26 seconds ago Exited (0) 20 seconds ago alpine2

edd2ac2690e6 alpine /bin/sh About a minute ago Exited (0) About a minute ago alpine1

#后台启动容器

[root@ubuntu1804 ~]#docker run -d --name alpine4 alpine 

3a05bbf66dac8a6ac9829c876bdb5fcb70832bf4a2898d68f6979cd8e8c517cb

[root@ubuntu1804 ~]#docker ps -a

CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES

3a05bbf66dac alpine /bin/sh 3 seconds ago Exited (0) 2 seconds ago alpine4

df428caf7128 alpine /bin/sh 30 seconds ago Up 28 seconds alpine3

6d64f47a83e6 alpine /bin/sh 48 seconds ago Exited (0) 41 seconds ago alpine2

edd2ac2690e6 alpine /bin/sh About a minute ago Exited (0) About a minute ago alpine1

[root@ubuntu1804 ~]#docker run -td --name alpine5 alpine 

868b33da850cfcc7db8b84150fb9c7686b577889f10425bb4c5e17f28cf68a29

[root@ubuntu1804 ~]#docker ps -a

CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES

868b33da850c alpine /bin/sh 2 seconds ago Up 1 second alpine5

3a05bbf66dac alpine /bin/sh 23 seconds ago Exited (0) 23 seconds ago alpine4

df428caf7128 alpine /bin/sh 50 seconds ago Up 49 seconds alpine3

6d64f47a83e6 alpine /bin/sh About a minute ago Exited (0) About a minute ago alpine2

edd2ac2690e6 alpine /bin/sh About a minute ago Exited (0) About a minute ago alpine1

[root@ubuntu1804 ~]#

范例：一次性运行容器，退出后立即删除，用于测试

[root@ubuntu1804 ~]#docker run -it --rm alpine cat /etc/issue

Welcome to Alpine Linux 3.11

Kernel /r on an /m (/l)

[root@ubuntu1804 ~]#docker ps -a

CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES

范例：开机自动运行容器

#默认容器不会自动启动

[root@ubuntu1804 ~]#docker run -d --name nginx -p 80:80 nginx 

bce473b8b1d2f728847cdc32b664cca1bd7578bf7bdac850b501e2e5557a718a

[root@ubuntu1804 ~]#docker ps 

CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES

bce473b8b1d2 nginx nginx -g daemon of… 3 seconds ago Up 2 seconds 0.0.0.0:80- 80/tcp 

[root@ubuntu1804 ~]#reboot

[root@ubuntu1804 ~]#docker ps

CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES

#设置容器总是运行

[root@ubuntu1804 ~]#docker run -d --name nginx --restart=always -p 80:80 nginx

[root@ubuntu1804 ~]#reboot

[root@ubuntu1804 ~]#docker ps 

CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES

dbdba90076e1 nginx nginx -g daemon of… About a minute agoUp 49 seconds0.0.0.0:80- 80/tcp nginx

privileged 选项

大约在0.6版， privileged 选项被引入docker。使用该参数，container内的root拥有真正的root权限。
否则，container内的root只是外部的一个普通用户权限。privileged启动的容器，可以看到很多host上的设备，并且可以执行mount。甚至允许你在docker容器中启动docker容器。

范例：使用 privileged 让容器获取 root 权限

[root@centos8 ~]#podman run -it centos

[root@382ab09932a7 /]#cat /etc/redhat-release 

CentOS Linux release 8.1.1911 (Core) 

[root@382ab09932a7 /]# lsblk

NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT

sda 8:0 0 200G 0 disk 

|-sda1 8:1 0 1G 0 part 

|-sda2 8:2 0 100G 0 part 

|-sda3 8:3 0 50G 0 part 

|-sda4 8:4 0 1K 0 part 

`-sda5 8:5 0 2G 0 part [SWAP]

sr0 11:0 1 7G 0 rom 

[root@382ab09932a7 /]# mount /dev/sda3 /mnt

mount: /mnt: permission denied.

[root@382ab09932a7 /]# exit

#利用--privileged 选项运行容器

[root@centos8 ~]#podman run -it --privileged centos

#可以看到宿主机的设备

[root@a6391a8f82e3 /]# lsblk

NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT

sda 8:0 0 200G 0 disk 

|-sda1 8:1 0 1G 0 part 

|-sda2 8:2 0 100G 0 part 

|-sda3 8:3 0 50G 0 part 

|-sda4 8:4 0 1K 0 part 

`-sda5 8:5 0 2G 0 part [SWAP]

sr0 11:0 1 7G 0 rom 

[root@a6391a8f82e3 /]# df

Filesystem 1K-blocks Used Available Use% Mounted on

overlay 104806400 2754832 102051568 3% /

tmpfs 65536 0 65536 0% /dev

tmpfs 408092 5892 402200 2% /etc/hosts

shm 64000 0 64000 0% /dev/shm

tmpfs 408092 0 408092 0% /sys/fs/cgroup

[root@a6391a8f82e3 /]# mount /dev/sda5 /mnt

mount: /mnt: unknown filesystem type swap .

[root@a6391a8f82e3 /]# mount /dev/sda3 /mnt

[root@a6391a8f82e3 /]# df

Filesystem 1K-blocks Used Available Use% Mounted on

overlay 104806400 2754632 102051768 3% /

tmpfs 65536 0 65536 0% /dev

tmpfs 408092 5892 402200 2% /etc/hosts

shm 64000 0 64000 0% /dev/shm

tmpfs 408092 0 408092 0% /sys/fs/cgroup

/dev/sda3 52403200 619068 51784132 2% /mnt

[root@a6391a8f82e3 /]# touch /mnt/containter.txt

[root@a6391a8f82e3 /]# echo container data /mnt/containter.txt

[root@a6391a8f82e3 /]# cat /mnt/containter.txt

container data

[root@a6391a8f82e3 /]#

#在宿主机查看是否生成文件

[root@centos8 ~]#lsblk

NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT

sda 8:0 0 200G 0 disk 

├─sda1 8:1 0 1G 0 part /boot

├─sda2 8:2 0 100G 0 part /

├─sda3 8:3 0 50G 0 part /data

├─sda4 8:4 0 1K 0 part 

└─sda5 8:5 0 2G 0 part [SWAP]

sr0 11:0 1 7G 0 rom 

[root@centos8 ~]#ll /data/containter.txt

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 25 Feb 29 12:26 /data/containter.txt

[root@centos8 ~]#cat /data/containter.txt 

container data

[root@centos8 ~]#echo host data /data/containter.txt

[root@centos8 ~]#cat /data/containter.txt 

container data

host data

#在容器内可看文件是否发生变化

[root@a6391a8f82e3 /]# cat /mnt/containter.txt

container data

host data

范例：运行docker官方文档容器

[root@centos8 ~]#podman run -it -d -p 4000:4000 docs/docker.github.io:latest

[root@centos8 ~]#podman images docs/docker.github.io

REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE

docker.io/docs/docker.github.io latest ffd9131eeee7 2 days ago 1.99 GB

#用浏览器访问http://localhost:4000/可以看到下面docker文档资料

docker ps 可以显示当前存在容器

格式

docker ps [OPTIONS]

-a, --all Show all containers (default shows just running)

-q, --quiet Only display numeric IDs

-s, --size Display total file sizes

-f, --filter filter Filter output based on conditions provided

-l, --latest Show the latest created container (includes all states)

-n, --last int Show n last created containers (includes all states) (default -1)

范例：

#显示运行的容器

[root@ubuntu1804 ~]#docker ps 

CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES

d7ece7f62532 centos /bin/bash 23 seconds ago Up 22 seconds ecstatic_franklin

#显示全部容器，包括退出状态的容器

[root@ubuntu1804 ~]#docker ps -a

CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES

d7ece7f62532 centos /bin/bash 27 seconds ago Up 26 seconds ecstatic_franklin

dcdf71d17177 busybox /bin/echo hello wo… 8 minutes ago Exited (0) 8 minutes ago cool_jepsen

#只显示容器ID

[root@ubuntu1804 ~]#docker ps -a -q

d7ece7f62532

dcdf71d17177

#显示容器大小

[root@ubuntu1804 ~]#docker ps -a -s

CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES SIZE

d7ece7f62532 centos /bin/bash 51 seconds ago Up 50 seconds ecstatic_franklin 0B (virtual 237MB)

dcdf71d17177 busybox /bin/echo hello wo… 8 minutes ago Exited (0) 8 minutes ago cool_jepsen 0B (virtual 1.22MB)

[root@ubuntu1804 ~] 

范例：显示指定的容器

[root@ubuntu1804 ~]#docker ps -a

CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES

dd002f947cbe nginx nginx -g daemon of… 19 minutes ago Exited (137) 11 minutes ago nginx2

1f3f82995e05 nginx nginx -g daemon of… 19 minutes ago Up 2 minutes 80/tcp nginx1

[root@ubuntu1804 ~]#docker ps 

CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES

1f3f82995e05 nginx nginx -g daemon of… 19 minutes ago Up 2 minutes 80/tcp nginx1

[root@ubuntu1804 ~]#docker ps -f status=exited 

CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES

dd002f947cbe nginx nginx -g daemon of… 19 minutes ago Exited (137) 11 minutes ago nginx2

[root@ubuntu1804 ~]#

查看容器内的进程

docker top CONTAINER [ps OPTIONS]

范例：

[root@ubuntu1804 ~]#docker run -d httpd

db144f1978148242dc20bd0be951628f1c00371b2c69dee53d84469c52995d8f

[root@ubuntu1804 ~]#docker top db14

UID PID PPID C STIME TTY TIME CMD

root 9821 9797 3 22:02 ? 00:00:00 httpd -DFOREGROUND

daemon 9872 9821 0 22:02 ? 00:00:00 httpd -DFOREGROUND

daemon 9873 9821 0 22:02 ? 00:00:00 httpd -DFOREGROUND

daemon 9874 9821 0 22:02 ? 00:00:00 httpd -DFOREGROUND

[root@ubuntu1804 ~]#docker run -d alpine /bin/sh -c i=1;while true;do echo helloi;let i++;sleep 1;done 

9997053f9766d4adf709d46161d7ec6739eacafbe8d4721133874b89112ad1a6

[root@ubuntu1804 ~]#docker top 9997

UID PID PPID C STIME TTY TIME CMD

root 10023 9997 3 22:03 ? 00:00:00 /bin/sh -c i=1;while true;do echo helloi;let i++;sleep 1;done

root 10074 10023 0 22:03 ? 00:00:00 sleep 1

[root@ubuntu1804 ~]#

查看容器的详细信息

docker inspect [OPTIONS] NAME|ID [NAME|ID...]

Options:

 -f, --format string Format the output using the given Go template

 -s, --size Display total file sizes if the type is container

范例：

[root@ubuntu1804 ~]#docker inspect 9997

 Id : 9997053f9766d4adf709d46161d7ec6739eacafbe8d4721133874b89112ad1a6 ,

 Created : 2020-02-25T14:03:00.790597711Z ,

 Path : /bin/sh ,

 Args : [

 -c ,

 i=1;while true;do echo helloi;let i++;sleep 1;done 

 State : {

 Status : running ,

 Running : true,

 Paused : false,

 Restarting : false,

 OOMKilled : false,

 Dead : false,

 Pid : 10023,

 ExitCode : 0,

 Error : ,

 StartedAt : 2020-02-25T14:03:01.407282144Z ,

 FinishedAt : 0001-01-01T00:00:00Z 

 Image : sha256:e7d92cdc71feacf90708cb59182d0df1b911f8ae022d29e8e95d75ca6a99776a ,

 ResolvConfPath : /var/lib/docker/containers/9997053f9766d4adf709d46161d7ec6739eacafbe8d4721133874b89112ad1a6/resolv.conf ,

 HostnamePath : /var/lib/docker/containers/9997053f9766d4adf709d46161d7ec6739eacafbe8d4721133874b89112ad1a6/hostname ,

 HostsPath : /var/lib/docker/containers/9997053f9766d4adf709d46161d7ec6739eacafbe8d4721133874b89112ad1a6/hosts ,

 LogPath : /var/lib/docker/containers/9997053f9766d4adf709d46161d7ec6739eacafbe8d4721133874b89112ad1a6/9997053f9766d4adf709d46161d7ec6739eacafbe8d4721133874b89112ad1a6-json.log ,

 Name : /gracious_wescoff ,

 RestartCount : 0,

 Driver : overlay2 ,

 Platform : linux ,

 MountLabel : ,

 ProcessLabel : ,

 AppArmorProfile : docker-default ,

 ExecIDs : null,

 HostConfig : {

 Binds : null,

 ContainerIDFile : ,

 LogConfig : {

 Type : json-file ,

 Config : {}

 NetworkMode : default ,

 PortBindings : {},

 RestartPolicy : {

 Name : no ,

 MaximumRetryCount : 0

 AutoRemove : false,

 VolumeDriver : ,

 VolumesFrom : null,

 CapAdd : null,

 CapDrop : null,

 Capabilities : null,

 Dns : [],

 DnsOptions : [],

 DnsSearch : [],

 ExtraHosts : null,

 GroupAdd : null,

 IpcMode : private ,

 Cgroup : ,

 Links : null,

 OomScoreAdj : 0,

 PidMode : ,

 Privileged : false,

 PublishAllPorts : false,

 ReadonlyRootfs : false,

 SecurityOpt : null,

 UTSMode : ,

 UsernsMode : ,

 ShmSize : 67108864,

 Runtime : runc ,

 ConsoleSize : [

 Isolation : ,

 CpuShares : 0,

 Memory : 0,

 NanoCpus : 0,

 CgroupParent : ,

 BlkioWeight : 0,

 BlkioWeightDevice : [],

 BlkioDeviceReadBps : null,

 BlkioDeviceWriteBps : null,

 BlkioDeviceReadIOps : null,

 BlkioDeviceWriteIOps : null,

 CpuPeriod : 0,

 CpuQuota : 0,

 CpuRealtimePeriod : 0,

 CpuRealtimeRuntime : 0,

 CpusetCpus : ,

 CpusetMems : ,

 Devices : [],

 DeviceCgroupRules : null,

 DeviceRequests : null,

 KernelMemory : 0,

 KernelMemoryTCP : 0,

 MemoryReservation : 0,

 MemorySwap : 0,

 MemorySwappiness : null,

 OomKillDisable : false,

 PidsLimit : null,

 Ulimits : null,

 CpuCount : 0,

 CpuPercent : 0,

 IOMaximumIOps : 0,

 IOMaximumBandwidth : 0,

 MaskedPaths : [

 /proc/asound ,

 /proc/acpi ,

 /proc/kcore ,

 /proc/keys ,

 /proc/latency_stats ,

 /proc/timer_list ,

 /proc/timer_stats ,

 /proc/sched_debug ,

 /proc/scsi ,

 /sys/firmware 

 ReadonlyPaths : [

 /proc/bus ,

 /proc/fs ,

 /proc/irq ,

 /proc/sys ,

 /proc/sysrq-trigger 

 GraphDriver : {

 Data : {

 LowerDir : /var/lib/docker/overlay2/27f7bf9c29a0303e2526bd7fa7d61fcc3a2ef400e6948b5d9487b5b30f506853-init/diff:/var/lib/docker/overlay2/cb3f60a3d09e0555d06525b70cc30975a3cb70e23c87e7e46bd44b6cfffbcda0/diff ,

 MergedDir : /var/lib/docker/overlay2/27f7bf9c29a0303e2526bd7fa7d61fcc3a2ef400e6948b5d9487b5b30f506853/merged ,

 UpperDir : /var/lib/docker/overlay2/27f7bf9c29a0303e2526bd7fa7d61fcc3a2ef400e6948b5d9487b5b30f506853/diff ,

 WorkDir : /var/lib/docker/overlay2/27f7bf9c29a0303e2526bd7fa7d61fcc3a2ef400e6948b5d9487b5b30f506853/work 

 Name : overlay2 

 Mounts : [],

 Config : {

 Hostname : 9997053f9766 ,

 Domainname : ,

 User : ,

 AttachStdin : false,

 AttachStdout : false,

 AttachStderr : false,

 Tty : false,

 OpenStdin : false,

 StdinOnce : false,

 Env : [

 PATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin 

 Cmd : [

 /bin/sh ,

 -c ,

 i=1;while true;do echo helloi;let i++;sleep 1;done 

 Image : alpine ,

 Volumes : null,

 WorkingDir : ,

 Entrypoint : null,

 OnBuild : null,

 Labels : {}

 NetworkSettings : {

 Bridge : ,

 SandboxID : 4823297a262eaad3b63778c2fe04a74e38ce401c22404f05f3cf54ab7dc188e2 ,

 HairpinMode : false,

 LinkLocalIPv6Address : ,

 LinkLocalIPv6PrefixLen : 0,

 Ports : {},

 SandboxKey : /var/run/docker/netns/4823297a262e ,

 SecondaryIPAddresses : null,

 SecondaryIPv6Addresses : null,

 EndpointID : 019896bd99c9e158ef9f97b1617f1638fee94c7f92c9250e1ac1bfe58c97c911 ,

 Gateway : 172.17.0.1 ,

 GlobalIPv6Address : ,

 GlobalIPv6PrefixLen : 0,

 IPAddress : 172.17.0.3 ,

 IPPrefixLen : 16,

 IPv6Gateway : ,

 MacAddress : 02:42:ac:11:00:03 ,

 Networks : {

 bridge : {

 IPAMConfig : null,

 Links : null,

 Aliases : null,

 NetworkID : d407310ec8ff57a6623ae2fa01ba860ab0615135585a00b19f0751561c99ab16 ,

 EndpointID : 019896bd99c9e158ef9f97b1617f1638fee94c7f92c9250e1ac1bfe58c97c911 ,

 Gateway : 172.17.0.1 ,

 IPAddress : 172.17.0.3 ,

 IPPrefixLen : 16,

 IPv6Gateway : ,

 GlobalIPv6Address : ,

 GlobalIPv6PrefixLen : 0,

 MacAddress : 02:42:ac:11:00:03 ,

 DriverOpts : null

[root@ubuntu1804 ~]#

docker rm 可以删除容器，即使容正在运行当中，也可以被强制删除掉

格式

docker rm [OPTIONS] CONTAINER [CONTAINER...]

-f, --force Force the removal of a running container (uses SIGKILL)

-v, --volumes Remove the volumes associated with the container

范例：

[root@ubuntu1804 ~]#docker ps -a

CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES

868b33da850c alpine /bin/sh 2 minutes ago Up 2 minutes alpine5

3a05bbf66dac alpine /bin/sh 3 minutes ago Exited (0) 3 minutes ago alpine4

df428caf7128 alpine /bin/sh 3 minutes ago Up 3 minutes alpine3

6d64f47a83e6 alpine /bin/sh 3 minutes ago Exited (0) 3 minutes ago alpine2

edd2ac2690e6 alpine /bin/sh 4 minutes ago Exited (0) 4 minutes ago alpine1

[root@ubuntu1804 ~]#docker rm 3a05bbf66dac

3a05bbf66dac

[root@ubuntu1804 ~]#docker rm alpine5

Error response from daemon: You cannot remove a running container 868b33da850cfcc7db8b84150fb9c7686b577889f10425bb4c5e17f28cf68a29. Stop the container before attempting removal or force remove

[root@ubuntu1804 ~]#docker rm -f alpine5

alpine5

范例：删除所有容器

[root@ubuntu1804 ~]#docker ps -a

CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES

df428caf7128 alpine /bin/sh 4 minutes ago Up 4 minutes alpine3

6d64f47a83e6 alpine /bin/sh 4 minutes ago Exited (0) 4 minutes ago alpine2

edd2ac2690e6 alpine /bin/sh 5 minutes ago Exited (0) 5 minutes ago alpine1

[root@ubuntu1804 ~]#docker rm -f docker ps -a -q

df428caf7128

6d64f47a83e6

edd2ac2690e6

[root@ubuntu1804 ~]#docker ps -a

CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES

[root@ubuntu1804 ~]#

范例：删除指定状态的容器

[root@ubuntu1804 ~]#docker ps -a

CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES

dd002f947cbe nginx nginx -g daemon of… 22 minutes ago Exited (137) 14 minutes ago nginx2

1f3f82995e05 nginx nginx -g daemon of… 22 minutes ago Up 4 minutes 80/tcp nginx1

[root@ubuntu1804 ~]#docker rm docker ps -qf status=exited

dd002f947cbe

[root@ubuntu1804 ~]#docker ps -a

CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES

1f3f82995e05 nginx nginx -g daemon of… 22 minutes ago Up 4 minutes 80/tcp nginx1

[root@ubuntu1804 ~]#

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