ABAP面试问题及侧重点详解编程语言

3.用过的几种增强方式：怎么找增强

4.接口和函数的使用，一般遇到自己不会的函数怎么处理

5.关联查询：INNER JOIN 与 LEFT JOIN 与 FOR ALL ENTRIES IN各用在什么情况

ABAP基础：报表，功能，增强，接口，数据处理及性能优化（不管内部还是外部，均需了解）

REPORT:1)数据定义；定义内表，结构，选择屏幕

             2)数据处理；包括屏幕数据检查，数据查询，内表数据处理等

             3)数据显示；定义字段目录，布局，特殊设置，CALL FM(习惯用REUSE_ALV_GRID_DISPLAY_LVC，LVC后期兼容和修改方便，也可以替代OO alv )

DIALOG:这是SAP的精华之一，不懂DIALOG，不入SAP门。

             1)PBO;数据显示前处理，循环数据显示处理；循环之后无效修改和处理

             2)PAI;表行，字段处理，更新表行；事件处理

增强：出口，BADI，隐式（常用的三种）；前两种可以用程序找（下篇文章），也可以找到程序对应的包，然后包里搜；隐式增强就是触发事件，DEBUG找地方加代码。

接口：就是查询，处理。。。都会的

查询：INNER 和LEFT，right是且与或的关系，确定都有的INNER,不确定有的，LEFT,RIGHT。文本表不建议关联，适合单独查。

         FOR ALL ENTRIES IN使用前最好对关键字排重，非空检查；内表超过10万不建议使用。

常规的性能优化：先查，后处理，LOOP下面尽量不用SELECT和LOOP，READ TABLE 要二分法排序；内表查询确定字段以及顺序，CORRESPONDING FIELDS使用时字段不要多。

考的都是基本的东西，考学习面，学习深度，学习能力，以及对SAP的认识和自己的思维逻辑能力 

附简单查询代码：凭证明细报表

* ---------------------------------------------------------------------* 

* Report ZFIR025 

* ---------------------------------------------------------------------* 

* DESC :凭证明细表 

* AUTHOR: LY 

* DATE:20160721 

* CHANGE LIST 

* C DEVK901712 2016.07.21 08:11:04 LIYUAN 

* C DEVK901869 2016.08.22 15:37:14 LIYUAN 增加本币金额 

* ---------------------------------------------------------------------* 

REPORT ZFIR025. 

TABLES:BKPF,BSEG,SKAT. 


SELECTION-SCREEN:BEGIN OF BLOCK BLK01 WITH FRAME TITLE TEXT-001. 

SELECT-OPTIONS:S_BUKRS FOR BKPF-BUKRS DEFAULT 1000. 

SELECT-OPTIONS:S_GJAHR FOR BKPF-GJAHR DEFAULT SY-DATUM+0(4). 

SELECT-OPTIONS:S_MONAT FOR BKPF-MONAT DEFAULT SY-DATUM+4(2). 

SELECT-OPTIONS:S_BELNR FOR BKPF-BELNR. 

SELECT-OPTIONS:S_HKONT FOR BSEG-HKONT. 

SELECT-OPTIONS:S_KUNNR FOR BSEG-KUNNR. 

SELECT-OPTIONS:S_LIFNR FOR BSEG-LIFNR. 

SELECT-OPTIONS:S_KOSTL FOR BSEG-KOSTL. 

SELECT-OPTIONS:S_BLART FOR BKPF-BLART. 

SELECT-OPTIONS:S_BUDAT FOR BKPF-BUDAT. 

SELECT-OPTIONS:S_GSBER FOR BSEG-GSBER. 

SELECTION-SCREEN END OF BLOCK BLK01. 


* ---------------------------------------------------------------------* 

* Form PRM_GET_DATA 

* ---------------------------------------------------------------------* 

* text 

*----------------------------------------------------------------------* 

* -- p1 text 

* -- p2 text 

*----------------------------------------------------------------------* 

FORM PRM_GET_DATA . 

 SELECT 

 BKPF~MONAT" TYPE BKPF-MONAT, 

 BKPF~BUDAT" TYPE BKPF-BUDAT, 

 BKPF~BELNR" TYPE BKPF-BELNR, 

 BKPF~BUKRS" TYPE BKPF-BUKRS, 

 BKPF~BKTXT" TYPE BKPF-BKTXT, 

 BKPF~GJAHR" TYPE BKPF-GJAHR, 

 BKPF~BLART" TYPE BKPF-BLART, 

 BKPF~WAERS" TYPE BKPF-WAERS, 

 BKPF~USNAM" TYPE BKPF-USNAM, 

 BKPF~AWKEY" TYPE BKPF-USNAM, 

 BSEG~HKONT" TYPE BSEG-HKONT, 

 BSEG~KOSTL" TYPE BSEG-HKONT, 

 BSEG~KUNNR" TYPE BSEG-HKONT, 

 BSEG~LIFNR" TYPE BSEG-HKONT, 

 BSEG~FKBER" TYPE BSEG-HKONT, 

 BSEG~WRBTR" TYPE BSEG-WRBTR, 

 BSEG~MATNR" TYPE BSEG-WRBTR, 

 BSEG~SHKZG" TYPE BSEG-WRBTR, 

 BSEG~XNEGP" TYPE BSEG-WRBTR, 

 BSEG~RSTGR" TYPE BSEG-RSTGR, 

 BSEG~DMBTR 

 SKAT~TXT50" TYPE SKAT-TXT50, 

 BSEG~GSBER 

 INTO CORRESPONDING FIELDS OF TABLE GT_SHOW 

 FROM BKPF 

 INNER JOIN BSEG 

 ON BKPF~BUKRS = BSEG~BUKRS 

 AND BKPF~BELNR = BSEG~BELNR 

 INNER JOIN SKAT 

 ON BSEG~HKONT = SKAT~SAKNR 

 AND SKAT~SPRAS = 1 

 AND SKAT~KTOPL = 1000 

 WHERE BKPF~BUKRS IN S_BUKRS 

 AND BKPF~GJAHR IN S_GJAHR 

 AND BKPF~MONAT IN S_MONAT 

 AND BKPF~BELNR IN S_BELNR 

 AND BSEG~HKONT IN S_HKONT 

 AND BSEG~KUNNR IN S_KUNNR 

 AND BSEG~LIFNR IN S_LIFNR 

 AND BSEG~KOSTL IN S_KOSTL 

 AND BSEG~GSBER IN S_GSBER 

 AND BKPF~BLART IN S_BLART 

 AND BKPF~BUDAT IN S_BUDAT. 

 IF GT_SHOW[] IS INITIAL. 

 MESSAGE 无结果！ TYPE S DISPLAY LIKE E. 

 LEAVE LIST-PROCESSING. 

 ELSE. 

 SELECT * INTO CORRESPONDING FIELDS OF TABLE GT_T053 

 FROM T053S WHERE SPRAS = 1. 

 SELECT * INTO CORRESPONDING FIELDS OF TABLE GT_CSKT 

 FROM CSKT WHERE SPRAS = 1 AND KOKRS = 1000. 

 ENDIF. 

ENDFORM. 

* ---------------------------------------------------------------------* 

* Form PRM_PROCE_DATA 

* ---------------------------------------------------------------------* 

* text 

*----------------------------------------------------------------------* 

* -- p1 text 

* -- p2 text 

*----------------------------------------------------------------------* 

FORM PRM_PROCE_DATA . 

 DATA:GS_SHOW LIKE LINE OF GT_SHOW. 

* SORT GT_SHOW BY BUKRS GJAHR BELNR KUNNR DESCENDING LIFNR DESCENDING." HKONT DESCENDING. 

 LOOP AT GT_SHOW INTO GW_SHOW. 

* IF GW_SHOW-XNEGP = X. 

* GW_SHOW-DMBTR = GW_SHOW-DMBTR * -1. 

* ENDIF. 

 IF GW_SHOW-HKONT = 0002202002 AND GW_SHOW-LIFNR IS INITIAL."应付暂估 带出供应商 

 SELECT SINGLE LIFNR INTO GW_SHOW-LIFNR FROM BSEG WHERE BUKRS = GW_SHOW-BUKRS AND BELNR = GW_SHOW-BELNR AND GJAHR = GW_SHOW-GJAHR AND LIFNR . 

 ENDIF. 

 IF GW_SHOW-HKONT = 0001406001 AND GW_SHOW-KUNNR IS INITIAL."应付暂估 带出供应商 

 SELECT SINGLE KUNNR INTO GW_SHOW-KUNNR FROM BSEG WHERE BUKRS = GW_SHOW-BUKRS AND BELNR = GW_SHOW-BELNR AND GJAHR = GW_SHOW-GJAHR AND KUNNR . 

 ENDIF. 

 IF GW_SHOW-SHKZG = S. 

 IF GW_SHOW-XNEGP = X. 

 GW_SHOW-DMBTRH = GW_SHOW-DMBTR. 

 GW_SHOW-WRBTRH = GW_SHOW-WRBTR. 

 ELSE. 

 GW_SHOW-DMBTRS = GW_SHOW-DMBTR. 

 GW_SHOW-WRBTRS = GW_SHOW-WRBTR. 

 ENDIF. 

* GW_SHOW-DMBTRS = GW_SHOW-DMBTR. 

 ELSEIF GW_SHOW-SHKZG = H. 

 IF GW_SHOW-XNEGP = X. 

 GW_SHOW-DMBTRS = GW_SHOW-DMBTR * -1. 

 GW_SHOW-WRBTRS = GW_SHOW-WRBTR * -1. 

 ELSE. 

 GW_SHOW-DMBTRH = GW_SHOW-DMBTR * -1. 

 GW_SHOW-WRBTRH = GW_SHOW-WRBTR * -1. 

 ENDIF. 

 GW_SHOW-DMBTR = GW_SHOW-DMBTR * -1. 

 GW_SHOW-WRBTR = GW_SHOW-WRBTR * -1. 

* GW_SHOW-DMBTRH = GW_SHOW-DMBTR. 

 ENDIF. 

 READ TABLE GT_T053 INTO GW_T053 WITH KEY BUKRS = GW_SHOW-BUKRS RSTGR = GW_SHOW-RSTGR. 

 IF SY-SUBRC = 0. 

 GW_SHOW-TXT40 = GW_T053-TXT40. 

 ENDIF. 

 READ TABLE GT_CSKT INTO GW_CSKT WITH KEY KOSTL = GW_SHOW-KOSTL. 

 IF SY-SUBRC = 0. 

 GW_SHOW-LTEXT = GW_CSKT-LTEXT. 

 ENDIF. 

 MODIFY GT_SHOW FROM GW_SHOW. 

 CLEAR:GW_SHOW. 

 ENDLOOP. 

ENDFORM. 

* ---------------------------------------------------------------------* 

* Form PRM_SET_FIELD 

* ---------------------------------------------------------------------* 

* text 

*----------------------------------------------------------------------* 

* -- p1 text 

* -- p2 text 

*----------------------------------------------------------------------* 

FORM PRM_SET_FIELD . 

 REFRESH GT_FIELDCAT. 

 LS_LAYOUT-CWIDTH_OPT = X. "优化列宽选项是否设置 

 LS_LAYOUT-ZEBRA = X. 

* ls_layout-box_fname = SEL. 

 APPEND_FIELDCAT:BUKRS 公司代码 4 X, 

 GJAHR 会计年度 4 X, 

 MONAT 会计期间 2 X, 

 BUDAT 过账日期 10 , 

 BELNR 凭证编号 10 X, 

 AWKEY 凭证参考 20 X, 

 BKTXT 摘要 25 , 

 HKONT 科目代码 10 X, 

 TXT50 科目名称 50 , 

 KUNNR 客户编号 10 , 

 LIFNR 供应商编号 10 , 

 FKBER 功能范围 4 , 

 GSBER 业务范围 4 , 

 WAERS 币别 3 , 

 KOSTL 成本中心 10 X, 

 LTEXT 成本中心描述 40 , 

 MATNR 物料编码 18 X, 

 RSTGR 原因代码 4 , 

 TXT40 原因代码描述 40 , 

 WRBTR 原币金额 16 , 

 WRBTRS 原币借方金额 16 , 

 WRBTRH 原币贷方金额 16 , 

 DMBTR 本币金额 16 , 

 DMBTRS 本币借方金额 16 , 

 DMBTRH 本币贷方金额 16 , 

 USNAM 制单人 12 . 

ENDFORM. 

* ---------------------------------------------------------------------* 

* Form PRM_SHOW 

* ---------------------------------------------------------------------* 

* text 

*----------------------------------------------------------------------* 

* -- p1 text 

* -- p2 text 

*----------------------------------------------------------------------* 

FORM PRM_SHOW . 

 DATA:LV_TITLE TYPE LVC_TITLE. 

 DESCRIBE TABLE GT_SHOW LINES LV_TITLE. 

 CONDENSE LV_TITLE NO-GAPS. 

 CONCATENATE 结果共 LV_TITLE 条目！ INTO LV_TITLE. 


 I_CALLBACK_PF_STATUS_SET = PRM_SET_STATUS 

 I_CALLBACK_USER_COMMAND = PRM_USER_COMMAND 

 IS_LAYOUT_LVC = LS_LAYOUT 

 IT_FIELDCAT_LVC = GT_FIELDCAT[] 

 I_GRID_TITLE = LV_TITLE 

 I_DEFAULT = X 

 I_SAVE = A 

 TABLES 

 T_OUTTAB = GT_SHOW 

 EXCEPTIONS 

 PROGRAM_ERROR = 1 

 OTHERS = 2. 

 IF SY-SUBRC 0. 

 ENDIF. 

ENDFORM. 

FORM PRM_SET_STATUS USING RT_EXTAB TYPE SLIS_T_EXTAB. 

 SET PF-STATUS ZSTAT. 

ENDFORM. 

FORM PRM_USER_COMMAND USING P_UCOMM LIKE SY-UCOMM 

 P_SELFIELD TYPE SLIS_SELFIELD. 

 CHECK P_UCOMM =  IC1. 

 READ TABLE GT_SHOW INTO GW_SHOW INDEX P_SELFIELD-TABINDEX. 

 IF SY-SUBRC = 0. 

 SET PARAMETER ID BLN FIELD GW_SHOW-BELNR. 

 SET PARAMETER ID BUK FIELD GW_SHOW-BUKRS. 

 SET PARAMETER ID GJR FIELD GW_SHOW-GJAHR. 

 CALL TRANSACTION FB03 AND SKIP FIRST SCREEN. 

 ENDIF. 

ENDFORM.

原创文章，作者：ItWorker，如若转载，请注明出处：https://blog.ytso.com/18620.html