Spring Cloud之Ribbon与Nginx区别详解架构师

 在SpringCloud中Ribbon负载均衡客户端，会从eureka注册中心服务器端上获取服务注册信息列表，缓存到本地。

让后在本地实现轮训负载均衡策略。

 nginx是客户端所有请求统一交给nginx，由nginx进行实现负载均衡请求转发，属于服务器端负载均衡。

 既请求有nginx服务器端进行转发。

 Ribbon是从eureka注册中心服务器端上获取服务注册信息列表，缓存到本地，让后在本地实现轮训负载均衡策略。

 既在客户端实现负载均衡。

Nginx适合于服务器端实现负载均衡 比如Tomcat ，Ribbon适合与在微服务中RPC远程调用实现本地服务负载均衡，比如Dubbo、SpringCloud中都是采用本地负载均衡。

Ribbon是Spring Cloud （本地）客户端负载均衡器

Ribbon底层实现：

Member：

pom：

 project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd" 

 modelVersion 4.0.0 /modelVersion 

 groupId com.toov5 /groupId 

 artifactId member /artifactId 

 version 0.0.1-SNAPSHOT /version 


 groupId org.springframework.boot /groupId 

 artifactId spring-boot-starter-parent /artifactId 

 version 2.0.1.RELEASE /version 

 /parent 

 !-- 管理依赖 -- 

 dependencyManagement 

 dependencies 

 dependency 

 groupId org.springframework.cloud /groupId 

 artifactId spring-cloud-dependencies /artifactId 

 version Finchley.M7 /version 

 type pom /type 

 scope import /scope 

 /dependency 

 /dependencies 

 /dependencyManagement 

 dependencies 

 !-- SpringBoot整合Web组件 -- 

 dependency 

 groupId org.springframework.boot /groupId 

 artifactId spring-boot-starter-web /artifactId 

 /dependency 

 !-- SpringBoot整合eureka客户端 -- 

 dependency 

 groupId org.springframework.cloud /groupId 

 artifactId spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client /artifactId 

 /dependency 

 /dependencies 

 !-- 注意： 这里必须要添加， 否者各种依赖有问题 -- 

 repositories 

 repository 

 id spring-milestones /id 

 name Spring Milestones /name 

 url https://repo.spring.io/libs-milestone /url 

 snapshots 

 enabled false /enabled 

 /snapshots 

 /repository 

 /repositories 

 /project 

yml：

###服务启动端口号 

server: 

 port: 8009 

###服务名称(服务注册到eureka名称) 

spring: 

 application: 

 name: app-toov5-member 

###服务注册到eureka地址 

eureka: 

 client: 

 service-url: 

 ##当前会员注册到eureka服务 地址+端口号 

 defaultZone: http://127.0.0.1:8100/eureka 

###因为该应用为注册中心，不会注册自己 

 register-with-eureka: true 

###是否需要从eureka上获取注册信息 

 fetch-registry: true

Controller类

package com.toov5.api.controller; 

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value; 

import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping; 

import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController; 

@RestController 

public class MemberApiController { 

 @Value("${server.port}") 

 private String serverPort; 

 @RequestMapping("/getMember") 

 public String getMember() { 

 return "会员服务"+serverPort; 

}

启动类：

package com.toov5.api; 

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication; 

import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication; 

import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.eureka.EnableEurekaClient; 

@SpringBootApplication 

@EnableEurekaClient //注册到eureka 

public class AppMember { 

 public static void main(String[] args) { 

 SpringApplication.run(AppMember.class, args); 

} 

 Order

 Controlller

package com.toov5.api.controller; 

import java.util.List; 

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; 

import org.springframework.cloud.client.ServiceInstance; 

import org.springframework.cloud.client.discovery.DiscoveryClient; 

import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping; 

import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController; 

import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate; 

//纯手写Ribbon本地负载均衡 

@RestController 

public class ExtRibbonController { 

 @Autowired 

 private DiscoveryClient discoveryClient; 

 @Autowired 

 private RestTemplate restTemplate; 

 //定义请求数 

 private int reqCount; 

@RequestMapping("/ribbonMember") 

 public String ribbonMember() { 

 //互殴去对应服务器远程调用地址 

 String instanceUrl = getInstance()+"/getMember"; 

 System.out.println("instanceUrl"+instanceUrl); 

 //直接使用httpclient远程调用。本次使用rest方式 

 String result = restTemplate.getForObject(instanceUrl, String.class); //底层使用httpclient实现的 

 return result; 

 private String getInstance() { 

 List ServiceInstance instances = discoveryClient.getInstances("app-toov5-member"); 

 if (instances==null || instances.size()==0) { 

 return null; 

 int instanceSize = instances.size(); 

 int serviceIndex = reqCount%instanceSize; 

 reqCount++; 

 return instances.get(serviceIndex).getUri().toString(); 

}

 启动类：

package com.toov5.api.controller; 

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication; 

import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication; 

import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.eureka.EnableEurekaClient; 

import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean; 

import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate; 

@SpringBootApplication 

@EnableEurekaClient 

public class AppOrder { 

 public static void main(String[] args) { 

 SpringApplication.run(AppOrder.class, args); 

 //解决RestTemplate找不到问题 把restTemplate注册到Spring Boot容器中 

 @Bean 

// @LoadBalanced 手写的 不要去实现本地负载均衡效果了 

 RestTemplate restTemplate() { 

 return new RestTemplate(); 

}

yml：

###服务启动端口号 

server: 

 port: 8002 

###服务名称(服务注册到eureka名称) 

spring: 

 application: 

 name: app-toov5-order 

###服务注册到eureka地址 

eureka: 

 client: 

 service-url: 

 defaultZone: http://127.0.0.1:8100/eureka 


 project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd" 

 modelVersion 4.0.0 /modelVersion 

 groupId com.toov5 /groupId 

 artifactId order /artifactId 

 version 0.0.1-SNAPSHOT /version 

 parent 

 groupId org.springframework.boot /groupId 

 artifactId spring-boot-starter-parent /artifactId 

 version 2.0.1.RELEASE /version 

 /parent 

 !-- 管理依赖 -- 

 dependencyManagement 

 dependencies 

 dependency 

 groupId org.springframework.cloud /groupId 

 artifactId spring-cloud-dependencies /artifactId 

 version Finchley.M7 /version 

 type pom /type 

 scope import /scope 

 /dependency 

 /dependencies 

 /dependencyManagement 

 dependencies 

 !-- SpringBoot整合Web组件 -- 

 dependency 

 groupId org.springframework.boot /groupId 

 artifactId spring-boot-starter-web /artifactId 

 /dependency 

 !-- SpringBoot整合eureka客户端 -- 

 dependency 

 groupId org.springframework.cloud /groupId 

 artifactId spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client /artifactId 

 /dependency 

 /dependencies 

 !-- 注意： 这里必须要添加， 否者各种依赖有问题 -- 

 repositories 

 repository 

 id spring-milestones /id 

 name Spring Milestones /name 

 url https://repo.spring.io/libs-milestone /url 

 snapshots 

 enabled false /enabled 

 /snapshots 

 /repository 

 /repositories 

 /project 



 Eureka



 

 pom

 project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd" 

 modelVersion 4.0.0 /modelVersion 

 groupId com.toov5 /groupId 

 artifactId SpringCloud-eureka-server /artifactId 

 version 0.0.1-SNAPSHOT /version 

 parent 

 groupId org.springframework.boot /groupId 

 artifactId spring-boot-starter-parent /artifactId 

 version 2.0.1.RELEASE /version 

 /parent 

 !-- 管理依赖 -- 

 dependencyManagement 

 dependencies 

 dependency 

 groupId org.springframework.cloud /groupId 

 artifactId spring-cloud-dependencies /artifactId 

 version Finchley.M7 /version 

 type pom /type 

 scope import /scope 

 /dependency 

 /dependencies 

 /dependencyManagement 

 dependencies 

 !--SpringCloud eureka-server -- 

 dependency 

 groupId org.springframework.cloud /groupId 

 artifactId spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-server /artifactId 

 /dependency 

 /dependencies 

 !-- 注意： 这里必须要添加， 否者各种依赖有问题 -- 

 repositories 

 repository 

 id spring-milestones /id 

 name Spring Milestones /name 

 url https://repo.spring.io/libs-milestone /url 

 snapshots 

 enabled false /enabled 

 /snapshots 

 /repository 

 /repositories 

 /project 



 yml

###eureka 服务端口号 

server: 

 port: 8100 

###服务注册名称 

eureka: 

 instance: 

 ##注册中心ip地址 

 hostname: 127.0.0.1 

###客户端调用地址 

 client: 

 serviceUrl: 

 defaultZone: http://${eureka.instance.hostname}:${server.port}/eureka/ 

###因为该应用为注册中心，不会注册自己 （集群设为true） 

 register-with-eureka: false 

###因为自己为注册中心 ,不会去在该应用中的检测服务 

 fetch-registry: false 



 

package com.toov5; 

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication; 

import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication; 

import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.eureka.server.EnableEurekaServer; 

@EnableEurekaServer //开启注册中心 

@SpringBootApplication 

public class AppEureka { 

 public static void main(String[] args) { 

 SpringApplication.run(AppEureka.class, args); 

}

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