centos 7.4 + mysql 5.7 + yum 安装详解数据库

安装一些依赖包

# yum install make cmake *gcc* libaio libaio-devel automake autoconf bz bison libtool ncurses wget perl-DBI perl-DBD-MySQL perl-JSON perl-Time-HiRes perl-devel numactl* bzip2 git openssl openssl-devel 

修改 NOZEROCONF

# vi /etc/sysconfig/network 

NOZEROCONF=YES

修改IO调度器设置
elevator=deadline
关闭 NUMA 特性
numa=off
禁用透明大页
transparent_hugepage=never

# vi /etc/default/grub 

# grub2-mkconfig -o /boot/grub2/grub.cfg 

修改内核参数

# vi /etc/sysctl.conf 

vm.swappiness = 1 

调整资源限制

# vi /etc/security/limits.conf 

* soft nofile 65535 

* hard nofile 65535 

* soft nproc 65535 

* hard nproc 65535

禁止selinux

 vi /etc/sysconfig/selinux 

 SELINUX=DISABLED 

 vi /etc/selinux/config 

 SELINUX=disabled

sshd中关闭UseDNS：

vi /etc/ssh/sshd_config 

UseDNS no 

systemctl restart sshd

确认安装sysstat

rpm -qa | grep sysstat

centos 7 安装mysql时，默认的是mariadb

# yum install mysql 

--- Package mariadb-libs.x86_64 1:5.5.44-2.el7.centos will be updated 

--- Package mariadb-libs.x86_64 1:5.5.56-2.el7 will be an update

所以需要安装mysql的yum源
IT虾米网

下载 mysql57-community-release-el7-11.noarch.rpm

# rpm -ivh /tmp/mysql57-community-release-el7-11.noarch.rpm 

# cd /etc/yum.repos.d 

# ls -l |grep -i mysql 

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1838 Apr 27 2017 mysql-community.repo 

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1885 Apr 27 2017 mysql-community-source.repo

安装mysql 5.7

# yum install mysql 

Dependencies Resolved 

======================================================================================================================================================================================= 

 Package Arch Version Repository Size 

======================================================================================================================================================================================= 

Installing: 

 mysql-community-client x86_64 5.7.21-1.el7 mysql57-community 24 M 

 mysql-community-libs x86_64 5.7.21-1.el7 mysql57-community 2.1 M 

 replacing mariadb-libs.x86_64 1:5.5.44-2.el7.centos 

 mysql-community-libs-compat x86_64 5.7.21-1.el7 mysql57-community 2.0 M 

 replacing mariadb-libs.x86_64 1:5.5.44-2.el7.centos 

Installing for dependencies: 

 mysql-community-common x86_64 5.7.21-1.el7 mysql57-community 272 k 

Transaction Summary 

======================================================================================================================================================================================= 

Install 3 Packages (+1 Dependent package) 

Total download size: 28 M 

Is this ok [y/d/N]: y 

Downloading packages: 

warning: /var/cache/yum/x86_64/7/mysql57-community/packages/mysql-community-common-5.7.21-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID 5072e1f5: NOKEY| 85 kB --:--:-- ETA 

Public key for mysql-community-common-5.7.21-1.el7.x86_64.rpm is not installed 

(1/4): mysql-community-common-5.7.21-1.el7.x86_64.rpm | 272 kB 00:00:00 

(2/4): mysql-community-libs-5.7.21-1.el7.x86_64.rpm | 2.1 MB 00:00:01 

(3/4): mysql-community-libs-compat-5.7.21-1.el7.x86_64.rpm | 2.0 MB 00:00:01 

(4/4): mysql-community-client-5.7.21-1.el7.x86_64.rpm | 24 MB 00:01:24 

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 

Total 342 kB/s | 28 MB 00:01:24 

Retrieving key from file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql 

Importing GPG key 0x5072E1F5: 

 Userid : "MySQL Release Engineering [email protected] " 

 Fingerprint: a4a9 4068 76fc bd3c 4567 70c8 8c71 8d3b 5072 e1f5 

 Package : mysql57-community-release-el7-11.noarch (@/mysql57-community-release-el7-11.noarch) 

 From : /etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql 

Is this ok [y/N]: y 

Running transaction check 

Running transaction test 

Transaction test succeeded 

Running transaction 

 Installing : mysql-community-common-5.7.21-1.el7.x86_64 1/5 

 Installing : mysql-community-libs-5.7.21-1.el7.x86_64 2/5 

 Installing : mysql-community-client-5.7.21-1.el7.x86_64 3/5 

 Installing : mysql-community-libs-compat-5.7.21-1.el7.x86_64 4/5 

 Erasing : 1:mariadb-libs-5.5.44-2.el7.centos.x86_64 5/5 

 Verifying : mysql-community-common-5.7.21-1.el7.x86_64 1/5 

 Verifying : mysql-community-libs-5.7.21-1.el7.x86_64 2/5 

 Verifying : mysql-community-client-5.7.21-1.el7.x86_64 3/5 

 Verifying : mysql-community-libs-compat-5.7.21-1.el7.x86_64 4/5 

 Verifying : 1:mariadb-libs-5.5.44-2.el7.centos.x86_64 5/5 

Installed: 

 mysql-community-client.x86_64 0:5.7.21-1.el7 mysql-community-libs.x86_64 0:5.7.21-1.el7 mysql-community-libs-compat.x86_64 0:5.7.21-1.el7 

Dependency Installed: 

 mysql-community-common.x86_64 0:5.7.21-1.el7 

Replaced: 

 mariadb-libs.x86_64 1:5.5.44-2.el7.centos 

Complete!

# yum install mysql-server 

Dependencies Resolved 

======================================================================================================================================================================================= 

 Package Arch Version Repository Size 

======================================================================================================================================================================================= 

Installing: 

 mysql-community-server x86_64 5.7.21-1.el7 mysql57-community 164 M 

Transaction Summary 

======================================================================================================================================================================================= 

Install 1 Package 

Total download size: 164 M 

Installed size: 740 M 

Is this ok [y/d/N]: y 

Downloading packages: 

mysql-community-server-5.7.21-1.el7.x86_64.rpm | 164 MB 00:01:01 

Running transaction check 

Running transaction test 

Transaction test succeeded 

Running transaction 

 Installing : mysql-community-server-5.7.21-1.el7.x86_64 1/1 

 Verifying : mysql-community-server-5.7.21-1.el7.x86_64 1/1 

Installed: 

 mysql-community-server.x86_64 0:5.7.21-1.el7 

Complete!

所有安装的mysql rpm文件

mysql57-community-release-el7-11.noarch.rpm 

mysql-community-client-5.7.21-1.el7.x86_64 

mysql-community-common-5.7.21-1.el7.x86_64 1/5 

mysql-community-libs-5.7.21-1.el7.x86_64 2/5 3/5 

mysql-community-libs-compat-5.7.21-1.el7.x86_64 

mysql-community-server-5.7.21-1.el7.x86_64

查看依赖的lib库是否安装全了

# ldd /sbin/mysqld 

 linux-vdso.so.1 = (0x00007ffc102f5000) 

 libpthread.so.0 = /lib64/libpthread.so.0 (0x00007fea7784b000) 

 libaio.so.1 = /lib64/libaio.so.1 (0x00007fea77649000) 

 libnuma.so.1 = /lib64/libnuma.so.1 (0x00007fea7743c000) 

 libcrypt.so.1 = /lib64/libcrypt.so.1 (0x00007fea77205000) 

 libdl.so.2 = /lib64/libdl.so.2 (0x00007fea77001000) 

 librt.so.1 = /lib64/librt.so.1 (0x00007fea76df8000) 

 libstdc++.so.6 = /lib64/libstdc++.so.6 (0x00007fea76af0000) 

 libm.so.6 = /lib64/libm.so.6 (0x00007fea767ee000) 

 libgcc_s.so.1 = /lib64/libgcc_s.so.1 (0x00007fea765d7000) 

 libc.so.6 = /lib64/libc.so.6 (0x00007fea76214000) 

 /lib64/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 (0x00007fea77a6f000) 

 libfreebl3.so = /lib64/libfreebl3.so (0x00007fea76011000)

初始化并启动mysql

# systemctl status mysqld.service 

● mysqld.service - MySQL Server 

 Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled) 

 Active: inactive (dead) 

 Docs: man:mysqld(8) 

 http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/en/using-systemd.html

# cat /usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service 

# Copyright (c) 2015, 2016, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 

# This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify 

# it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by 

# the Free Software Foundation; version 2 of the License. 

# This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, 

# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of 

# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the 

# GNU General Public License for more details. 

# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License 

# along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software 

# Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA 

# systemd service file for MySQL forking server 

[Unit] 

Description=MySQL Server 

Documentation=man:mysqld(8) 

Documentation=http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/en/using-systemd.html 

After=network.target 

After=syslog.target 

[Install] 

WantedBy=multi-user.target 

[Service] 

User=mysql 

Group=mysql 

Type=forking 

PIDFile=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid 

# Disable service start and stop timeout logic of systemd for mysqld service. 

TimeoutSec=0 

# Execute pre and post scripts as root 

PermissionsStartOnly=true 

# Needed to create system tables 

ExecStartPre=/usr/bin/mysqld_pre_systemd 

# Start main service 

ExecStart=/usr/sbin/mysqld --daemonize --pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid $MYSQLD_OPTS 

# Use this to switch malloc implementation 

EnvironmentFile=-/etc/sysconfig/mysql 

# Sets open_files_limit 

LimitNOFILE = 5000 

Restart=on-failure 

RestartPreventExitStatus=1 

PrivateTmp=false

# systemctl start mysqld.service 

Mar 26 11:28:37 mysql-18-235 mysqld_pre_systemd: 2018-03-26T03:28:37.692515Z 0 [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated. Please use --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see documentation for more details).

–explicit_defaults_for_timestamp
在MySQL 5.6.6及以后的版本和MySQL 5.7之前的版本中，如果在配置文件中没有指定explicit_defaults_for_timestamp参数，启动时error日志中会报如下警告：

[Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated. Please use –explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see documentation for more details).

注意观察日志
/var/log/messages
/var/log/mysqld.log

# vi /etc/my.cnf 

explicit_defaults_for_timestamp=1

修改密码策略，测试环境，不需要那么严格

# vi /etc/my.cnf 

validate_password_length=4 

validate_password_mixed_case_count=0 

validate_password_number_count=0 

validate_password_policy=0 

validate_password_special_char_count=0

修改密码

set password for root@localhost= password(TE3edc4rfv@);

创建用户

create user usr_abc@%.%.%.% identified by usr_abc;

select host,user,authentication_string 

from mysql.user 

where 1=1 

order by user,host 

;

查看错误信息

# perror 24 

OS error code 24: Too many open files

原创文章，作者：ItWorker，如若转载，请注明出处：https://blog.ytso.com/3897.html