数据库开发知识：SpringBoot 怎么集成MongoDB实现文件上传功能

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提取码: i4cv 

SpringBoot 2.5.12
MongoDB 5.0.6

pom.xml

dependency
groupId org.springframework.boot /groupId
artifactId spring-boot-starter-web /artifactId
/dependency
! mongodb
dependency
groupId org.springframework.boot /groupId
artifactId spring-boot-starter-data-mongodb /artifactId
/dependency
! lombok
dependency
groupId org.projectlombok /groupId
artifactId lombok /artifactId
/dependency
! hutool
dependency
groupId cn.hutool /groupId
artifactId hutool-all /artifactId
version 4.5.1 /version
/dependency

application.yml

server:
port: 31091

spring:
servlet:
multipart:
max-file-size: 100MB
data:
mongodb:
host: 127.0.0.1
port: 27017
database: admin
username: root
password: sunday

fileUploadService:
impl: fileMongoServiceImpl

MongoConfig.java

import com.mongodb.client.MongoClient;
import com.mongodb.client.MongoDatabase;
import com.mongodb.client.gridfs.GridFSBucket;
import com.mongodb.client.gridfs.GridFSBuckets;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;

/**
* @Description MongoDB配置类
*/
@Configuration
public class MongoConfig {
/**
* 数据库配置信息
*/
@Value( ${spring.data.mongodb.database} )
private String db;

/**
* GridFSBucket用于打开下载流
* @param mongoClient
* @return
*/
@Bean
public GridFSBucket getGridFSBucket(MongoClient mongoClient){
MongoDatabase mongoDatabase = mongoClient.getDatabase(db);
return GridFSBuckets.create(mongoDatabase);
}
}

FileUploadController.java

import com.coisini.mongodb.model.ResponseMessage;
import com.coisini.mongodb.service.FileUploadService;
import com.coisini.mongodb.vo.FileExportVo;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.http.HttpHeaders;
import org.springframework.http.HttpStatus;
import org.springframework.http.ResponseEntity;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.*;
import org.springframework.web.multipart.MultipartFile;
import javax.annotation.Resource;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Objects;
/**
* @Description 文件上传接口
*/
@Slf4j
@RestController
@RequestMapping( /file )
public class FileUploadController {
/**
* 文件上传实现类
*/
@Resource(name= ${fileUploadService.impl} )
private FileUploadService fileUploadService;
* 文件上传
* @param file
* @return
@PostMapping( /upload )
public ResponseMessage ? uploadFile(@RequestParam(value = file ) MultipartFile file) {
try {
return ResponseMessage.ok( 上传成功 , fileUploadService.uploadFile(file));
} catch (Exception e) {
log.error( 文件上传失败： , e);
return ResponseMessage.error(e.getMessage());
}
}
* 多文件上传
* @param files
@PostMapping( /uploadFiles )
public ResponseMessage ? uploadFile(@RequestParam(value = files ) List MultipartFile files) {
return ResponseMessage.ok( 上传成功 , fileUploadService.uploadFiles(files));
* 文件下载
* @param fileId
@GetMapping( /download/{fileId} )
public ResponseEntity Object fileDownload(@PathVariable(name = fileId ) String fileId) {
FileExportVo fileExportVo = fileUploadService.downloadFile(fileId);
if (Objects.nonNull(fileExportVo)) {
return ResponseEntity.ok()
.header(HttpHeaders.CONTENT_DISPOSITION, fileName=\ + fileExportVo.getFileName() + \ )
.header(HttpHeaders.CONTENT_TYPE, fileExportVo.getContentType())
.header(HttpHeaders.CONTENT_LENGTH, fileExportVo.getFileSize() + ).header( Connection , close )
.body(fileExportVo.getData());
} else {
return ResponseEntity.status(HttpStatus.NOT_FOUND).body( file does not exist );
* 文件删除
@DeleteMapping( /remove/{fileId} )
public ResponseMessage ? removeFile(@PathVariable(name = fileId ) String fileId) {
fileUploadService.removeFile(fileId);
return ResponseMessage.ok( 删除成功 );

FileUploadService.java

import com.coisini.mongodb.vo.FileExportVo;
import org.springframework.web.multipart.MultipartFile;
import java.util.List;
/**
* @Description 文件上传接口
*/
public interface FileUploadService {
/**
* 文件上传
* @param file
* @return
*/
FileExportVo uploadFile(MultipartFile file) throws Exception;
/**
* 多文件上传
* @param files
* @return
*/
List FileExportVo uploadFiles(List MultipartFile files);
/**
* 文件下载
* @param fileId
* @return
*/
FileExportVo downloadFile(String fileId);
/**
* 文件删除
* @param fileId
*/
void removeFile(String fileId);

FileMongoServiceImpl.java

import cn.hutool.core.io.IoUtil;
import cn.hutool.core.util.IdUtil;
import com.coisini.mongodb.model.MongoFile;
import com.coisini.mongodb.repository.MongoFileRepository;
import com.coisini.mongodb.service.FileUploadService;
import com.coisini.mongodb.util.MD5Util;
import com.coisini.mongodb.vo.FileExportVo;
import com.mongodb.client.gridfs.GridFSBucket;
import com.mongodb.client.gridfs.GridFSDownloadStream;
import com.mongodb.client.gridfs.model.GridFSFile;
import lombok.RequiredArgsConstructor;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.bson.types.Binary;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.data.mongodb.core.MongoTemplate;
import org.springframework.data.mongodb.core.query.Criteria;
import org.springframework.data.mongodb.core.query.Query;
import org.springframework.data.mongodb.gridfs.GridFsResource;
import org.springframework.data.mongodb.gridfs.GridFsTemplate;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import org.springframework.web.multipart.MultipartFile;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Objects;
import java.util.Optional;
import java.util.stream.Collectors;
/**
* @Description MongoDB文件上传实现类
*/
@Slf4j
@Service( fileMongoServiceImpl )
@RequiredArgsConstructor(onConstructor = @__(@Autowired))
public class FileMongoServiceImpl implements FileUploadService {
private final MongoFileRepository mongoFileRepository;
private final MongoTemplate mongoTemplate;
private final GridFsTemplate gridFsTemplate;
private final GridFSBucket gridFSBucket;
/**
* 多文件上传
* @param files
* @return
*/
@Override
public List FileExportVo uploadFiles(List MultipartFile files) {
return files.stream().map(file - {
try {
return this.uploadFile(file);
} catch (Exception e) {
log.error( 文件上传失败 , e);
return null;
}
}).filter(Objects::nonNull).collect(Collectors.toList());
}
/**
* 文件上传
* @param file
* @return
* @throws Exception
*/
@Override
public FileExportVo uploadFile(MultipartFile file) throws Exception {
if (file.getSize() 16777216) {
return this.saveGridFsFile(file);
} else {
return this.saveBinaryFile(file);
}
}
/**
* 文件下载
* @param fileId
* @return
*/
@Override
public FileExportVo downloadFile(String fileId) {
Optional MongoFile option = this.getBinaryFileById(fileId);
if (option.isPresent()) {
MongoFile mongoFile = option.get();
if(Objects.isNull(mongoFile.getContent())){
option = this.getGridFsFileById(fileId);
}
}
return option.map(FileExportVo::new).orElse(null);
}
/**
* 文件删除
* @param fileId
*/
@Override
public void removeFile(String fileId) {
Optional MongoFile option = this.getBinaryFileById(fileId);
if (option.isPresent()) {
if (Objects.nonNull(option.get().getGridFsId())) {
this.removeGridFsFile(fileId);
} else {
this.removeBinaryFile(fileId);
}
}
}
/**
* 删除Binary文件
* @param fileId
*/
public void removeBinaryFile(String fileId) {
mongoFileRepository.deleteById(fileId);
}
/**
* 删除GridFs文件
* @param fileId
*/
public void removeGridFsFile(String fileId) {
// TODO 根据id查询文件
MongoFile mongoFile = mongoTemplate.findById(fileId, MongoFile.class );
if(Objects.nonNull(mongoFile)){
// TODO 根据文件ID删除fs.files和fs.chunks中的记录
Query deleteFileQuery = new Query().addCriteria(Criteria.where( filename ).is(mongoFile.getGridFsId()));
gridFsTemplate.delete(deleteFileQuery);
// TODO 删除集合mongoFile中的数据
Query deleteQuery = new Query(Criteria.where( id ).is(fileId));
mongoTemplate.remove(deleteQuery, MongoFile.class);
}
}
/**
* 保存Binary文件（小文件）
* @param file
* @return
* @throws Exception
*/
public FileExportVo saveBinaryFile(MultipartFile file) throws Exception {
String suffix = getFileSuffix(file);
MongoFile mongoFile = mongoFileRepository.save(
MongoFile.builder()
.fileName(file.getOriginalFilename())
.fileSize(file.getSize())
.content(new Binary(file.getBytes()))
.contentType(file.getContentType())
.uploadDate(new Date())
.suffix(suffix)
.md5(MD5Util.getMD5(file.getInputStream()))
.build()
);
return new FileExportVo(mongoFile);
}
/**
* 保存GridFs文件（大文件）
* @param file
* @return
* @throws Exception
*/
public FileExportVo saveGridFsFile(MultipartFile file) throws Exception {
String suffix = getFileSuffix(file);
String gridFsId = this.storeFileToGridFS(file.getInputStream(), file.getContentType());
MongoFile mongoFile = mongoTemplate.save(
MongoFile.builder()
.fileName(file.getOriginalFilename())
.fileSize(file.getSize())
.contentType(file.getContentType())
.uploadDate(new Date())
.suffix(suffix)
.md5(MD5Util.getMD5(file.getInputStream()))
.gridFsId(gridFsId)
.build()
);
return new FileExportVo(mongoFile);
}
/**
* 上传文件到Mongodb的GridFs中
* @param in
* @param contentType
* @return
*/
public String storeFileToGridFS(InputStream in, String contentType){
String gridFsId = IdUtil.simpleUUID();
// TODO 将文件存储进GridFS中
gridFsTemplate.store(in, gridFsId , contentType);
return gridFsId;
}
/**
* 获取Binary文件
* @param id
* @return
*/
public Optional MongoFile getBinaryFileById(String id) {
return mongoFileRepository.findById(id);
}
/**
* 获取Grid文件
* @param id
* @return
*/
public Optional MongoFile getGridFsFileById(String id){
MongoFile mongoFile = mongoTemplate.findById(id , MongoFile.class );
if(Objects.nonNull(mongoFile)){
Query gridQuery = new Query().addCriteria(Criteria.where( filename ).is(mongoFile.getGridFsId()));
try {
// TODO 根据id查询文件
GridFSFile fsFile = gridFsTemplate.findOne(gridQuery);
// TODO 打开流下载对象
GridFSDownloadStream in = gridFSBucket.openDownloadStream(fsFile.getObjectId());
if(in.getGridFSFile().getLength() 0){
// TODO 获取流对象
GridFsResource resource = new GridFsResource(fsFile, in);
// TODO 获取数据
mongoFile.setContent(new Binary(IoUtil.readBytes(resource.getInputStream())));
return Optional.of(mongoFile);
}else {
return Optional.empty();
}
}catch (IOException e){
log.error( 获取MongoDB大文件失败 , e);
}
}
return Optional.empty();
}
/**
* 获取文件后缀
* @param file
* @return
*/
private String getFileSuffix(MultipartFile file) {
String suffix =
if (Objects.requireNonNull(file.getOriginalFilename()).contains( . )) {
suffix = file.getOriginalFilename().substring(file.getOriginalFilename().lastIndexOf( . ));
}
return suffix;
}

MongoFileRepository.java

import com.coisini.mongodb.model.MongoFile;
import org.springframework.data.mongodb.repository.MongoRepository;

/**
* @Description MongoDB文件仓储
*/
public interface MongoFileRepository extends MongoRepository MongoFile, String {

MongoFile.java

import lombok.Builder;
import lombok.Data;
import org.bson.types.Binary;
import org.springframework.data.annotation.Id;
import org.springframework.data.mongodb.core.mapping.Document;
import java.util.Date;

/**
* @Description MongoDB文件实体
*/
@Document
@Builder
@Data
public class MongoFile {

/**
* 主键
*/
@Id
public String id;

/**
* 文件名称
*/
public String fileName;

/**
* 文件大小
*/
public long fileSize;

/**
* 上传时间
*/
public Date uploadDate;

/**
* MD5值
*/
public String md5;

/**
* 文件内容
*/
private Binary content;

/**
* 文件类型
*/
public String contentType;

/**
* 文件后缀名
*/
public String suffix;

/**
* 文件描述
*/
public String description;

/**
* 大文件管理GridFS的ID
*/
private String gridFsId;

ResponseMessage.java

/**
* @Description 统一消息
*/
public class ResponseMessage T {

private String status;
private String message;
private T data;

// 省略

FileExportVo.java

import java.util.Objects;

/**
* @Description 统一文件下载vo
*/
@Data
public class FileExportVo {

private String fileId;

private String fileName;

private String contentType;

private String suffix;

private long fileSize;

@JsonIgnore
private byte[] data;

public FileExportVo(MongoFile mongoFile) {
BeanUtil.copyProperties(mongoFile, this);
if (Objects.nonNull(mongoFile.getContent())) {
this.data = mongoFile.getContent().getData();
}
this.fileId = mongoFile.getId();
}

MD5Util.java

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.security.MessageDigest;
import java.security.NoSuchAlgorithmException;

/**
* @Description MD5工具类
*/
public class MD5Util {
/**
* 获取该输入流的MD5值
*/
public static String getMD5(InputStream is) throws NoSuchAlgorithmException, IOException {
StringBuffer md5 = new StringBuffer();
MessageDigest md = MessageDigest.getInstance( MD5 );
byte[] dataBytes = new byte[1024];

int nread = 0;
while ((nread = is.read(dataBytes)) != -1) {
md.update(dataBytes, 0, nread);
};
byte[] mdbytes = md.digest();

// convert the byte to hex format
for (int i = 0; i mdbytes.length; i++) {
md5.append(Integer.toString((mdbytes[i] 0xff) + 0x100, 16).substring(1));
}
return md5.toString();
}

文件上传

多文件上传

文件下载

文件删除

GitHub：https://github.com/Maggieq8324/java-learn-demo/tree/master/springboot-mongodb-file

Gitee：https://gitee.com/maggieq8324/java-learn-demo/tree/master/springboot-mongodb-file

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