提供了编程的基础技术教程

zl程序教程

您现在的位置是：首页 >  其他

当前栏目

sql插数据语句_sql语句批量添加数据

批量SQL数据 语句 添加
2023-06-13 09:12:58 时间

大家好，又见面了，我是你们的朋友全栈君。

INSERT VALUES

插入一行或多行到目标表中

-- single row INSERT INTO Sales.MyOrders(custid, empid, orderdate, shipcountry, freight) VALUES(2, 19, '20120620', N'USA', 30.00); -- relying on defaults INSERT INTO Sales.MyOrders(custid, empid, shipcountry, freight) VALUES(3, 11, N'USA', 10.00); INSERT INTO Sales.MyOrders(custid, empid, orderdate, shipcountry, freight) VALUES(3, 17, DEFAULT, N'USA', 30.00); -- multiple rows INSERT INTO Sales.MyOrders(custid, empid, orderdate, shipcountry, freight) VALUES (2, 11, '20120620', N'USA', 50.00), (5, 13, '20120620', N'USA', 40.00), (7, 17, '20120620', N'USA', 45.00);

注：如果要更新自增字段需要把IDENTITY_INSERT选项开启，用完后记得关闭

SET IDENTITY_INSERT <table> ON;

INSERT SELECT

把select 语句的查询结果插入到表中，这个中方法要比上面的INSERT VALUES 效率高

SET IDENTITY_INSERT Sales.MyOrders ON; INSERT INTO Sales.MyOrders(orderid, custid, empid, orderdate, shipcountry, freight) SELECT orderid, custid, empid, orderdate, shipcountry, freight FROM Sales.Orders WHERE shipcountry = N'Norway'; SET IDENTITY_INSERT Sales.MyOrders OFF;

INSERT EXEC

该语句可以让你把动态语句或者存储过程的结果插入表格。

-- create procedure IF OBJECT_ID(N'Sales.OrdersForCountry', N'P') IS NOT NULL DROP PROC Sales.OrdersForCountry; GO CREATE PROC Sales.OrdersForCountry @country AS NVARCHAR(15) AS SELECT orderid, custid, empid, orderdate, shipcountry, freight FROM Sales.Orders WHERE shipcountry = @country; GO -- insert the result of the procedure SET IDENTITY_INSERT Sales.MyOrders ON; INSERT INTO Sales.MyOrders(orderid, custid, empid, orderdate, shipcountry, freight) EXEC Sales.OrdersForCountry @country = N'Portugal'; SET IDENTITY_INSERT Sales.MyOrders OFF;

对于动态SQL，或者类似DBCC这种非常规的SQL语句，都可以通过这种方式来保存结果集。

CREATE TABLE test_dbcc ( TraceFlag VARCHAR(100) , Status TINYINT , Global TINYINT , Session TINYINT ) INSERT INTO test_dbcc EXEC ( 'DBCC TRACESTATUS' )

注：不能嵌套使用insert exec语句 ，可以用以下方式变动（这里直接拷贝参考文章中的内容。我没试验过）

1.首先到打开服务器选项Ad Hoc Distributed Queries

exec sp_configure 'show advanced options',1 RECONFIGURE GO exec sp_configure 'Ad Hoc Distributed Queries',1 RECONFIGURE GO

2. 通过OPENROWSET连接到本机，运行存储过程，取得结果集

--使用Windows认证 SELECT * INTO #JobInfo_S1 FROM OPENROWSET('sqloledb', 'server=(local);trusted_connection=yes', 'exec msdb.dbo.sp_help_job') --使用SQL Server认证 SELECT * INTO #JobInfo_S2 FROM OPENROWSET('SQLOLEDB', '127.0.0.1'; 'sa'; 'sa_password', 'exec msdb.dbo.sp_help_job')

这样的写法，既免去了手动建表的麻烦，也可以避免insert exec 无法嵌套的问题。几乎所有SQL语句都可以使用。

--dbcc不能直接运行 SELECT a.* INTO #t FROM OPENROWSET('SQLOLEDB', '127.0.0.1'; 'sa'; 'sa_password', 'dbcc log(''master'',3)') AS a --可以变通一下 SELECT a.* INTO #t FROM OPENROWSET('SQLOLEDB', '127.0.0.1'; 'sa'; 'sa_password', 'exec(''DBCC LOG(''''master'''',3)'')') AS a

SELECT INTO

该语句不需要我们事先建立目标表，而是直接拷贝数据源或者查询结果数据定义：比如列名，类型，是否为空，自增等来建立目标表。

-- simple SELECT INTO IF OBJECT_ID(N'Sales.MyOrders', N'U') IS NOT NULL DROP TABLE Sales.MyOrders; SELECT orderid, custid, orderdate, shipcountry, freight INTO Sales.MyOrders FROM Sales.Orders WHERE shipcountry = N'Norway';

通过以下存储可以查看查询返回字段的结构，注意name，system_type_name,is_nullable.

EXEC sp_describe_first_result_set N'SELECT * FROM Sales.Customers;';

利用select into 生成一个空表

select * into #temp from sysobjects where 1=2

实际插入案例

1） 学生表插入

CREATE PROCEDURE [dbo].[Students_Insert] ( @ID INT , @LASTNAME VARCHAR(50) , @FIRSTNAME VARCHAR(50) , @STATE VARCHAR(50) , @PHONE VARCHAR(50) , @EMAIL VARCHAR(50) , @GRADYEAR INT , @GPA DECIMAL(20, 10) , @PROGRAM VARCHAR(50) , @NEWSLETTER BIT ) AS BEGIN --Check to make sure the ID does not already exist --If it does, return error DECLARE @existing AS INT = 0 SELECT @existing = COUNT(ID) FROM Students WHERE ID = @ID IF @existing > 0 BEGIN RAISERROR ('ID already exists', 1, 1) RETURN 0 END --Format GPA as 2 decimal places DECLARE @TwoDecimalGPA AS DECIMAL(3, 2) SELECT @TwoDecimalGPA = CAST(@GPA AS NUMERIC(3, 2)) --Make sure GPA is within range IF ( ( @TwoDecimalGPA > 4 ) OR ( @TwoDecimalGPA < 0 ) ) BEGIN RAISERROR ('GPA value is invalid', 1, 1) RETURN 0 END --Attempt insert INSERT INTO [dbo].[Students] ( [ID] , [LASTNAME] , [FIRSTNAME] , [STATE] , [PHONE] , [EMAIL] , [GRADYEAR] , [GPA] , [PROGRAM] , [NEWSLETTER] ) VALUES ( @ID , @LASTNAME , @FIRSTNAME , @STATE , @PHONE , @EMAIL , @GRADYEAR , @TwoDecimalGPA , @PROGRAM , @NEWSLETTER ) --check to see if insert occured  --and return status IF @@ROWCOUNT = 1 RETURN 1 ELSE RETURN 0 END GO

2） 循环插入

-----SQL SERVER中直接循环写入数据----- DECLARE @i INT SET @i = 1 WHILE @i < 30 BEGIN INSERT INTO test ( userid ) VALUES ( @i ) SET @i = @i + 1 END --案例： --有如下表，要求就裱中所有沒有及格的成績，在每次增長0.1的基礎上，使他們剛好及格: -- Name score -- Zhangshan 80 -- Lishi 59 -- Wangwu 50 -- Songquan 69 WHILE ( ( SELECT MIN(score) FROM tb_table ) < 60 ) BEGIN UPDATE tb_table SET score = score * 1.01 WHERE score < 60 IF ( SELECT MIN(score) FROM tb_table ) > 60 BREAK ELSE CONTINUE END

参考文档

The Data Loading Performance Guide http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/dd425070.aspx.

01. 把存储过程结果集SELECT INTO到临时表 http://www.cnblogs.com/seusoftware/p/3222564.html

发布者：全栈程序员栈长，转载请注明出处：https://javaforall.cn/167131.html原文链接：https://javaforall.cn

相关文章