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nodeJs开发-01

2023-06-13 09:13:11 时间

基础教程,简单记录一下

模块化的使用

1.新建ex.js 并且声明变量:

var val='hello world'
export {val}

2.新建im.js 并且导入模块

import {val} from './ex'
console.log(val)

3.在命令行使用node命令运行im.js

D:\codingSpace\nodeImooc\chapter02>node im.js
(node:10092) Warning: To load an ES module, set "type": "module" in the package.json or use the .mjs extension.
(Use `node --trace-warnings ...` to show where the warning was created)
D:\codingSpace\nodeImooc\chapter02\im.js:1
import {val} from './ex'
^^^^^^

SyntaxError: Cannot use import statement outside a module
    at wrapSafe (internal/modules/cjs/loader.js:1001:16)
    at Module._compile (internal/modules/cjs/loader.js:1049:27)
    at Object.Module._extensions..js (internal/modules/cjs/loader.js:1114:10)
    at Module.load (internal/modules/cjs/loader.js:950:32)
    at Function.Module._load (internal/modules/cjs/loader.js:790:12)
    at Function.executeUserEntryPoint [as runMain] (internal/modules/run_main.js:75:12)
    at internal/main/run_main_module.js:17:47

报错

解决办法两个:

A.使用第一种,修改文件后缀 都修改成mjs结尾的文件

然后尝试运行:

并且修改im中的代码

import {val} from './ex.mjs'
console.log(val)

成功

B.添加配置文件

(node:6500) Warning: To load an ES module, set "type": "module" in the package.json or use the .mjs extension.

添加配置文件package.json

{
  "type": "module"
}

运行成功

背后的故事:

ECMAScript Module规范

我们新建一个js文件

console.log(module)

输出如下:

D:\codingSpace\nodeImooc\chapter02>node ex.js
Module {
  id: '.',
  path: 'D:\\codingSpace\\nodeImooc\\chapter02',
  exports: {},
  parent: null,
  filename: 'D:\\codingSpace\\nodeImooc\\chapter02\\ex.js',
  loaded: false,
  children: [],
  paths: [
    'D:\\codingSpace\\nodeImooc\\chapter02\\node_modules',
    'D:\\codingSpace\\nodeImooc\\node_modules',
    'D:\\codingSpace\\node_modules',
    'D:\\node_modules'
  ]
}