C++windows内核编程笔记day06 代码创建菜单

BOOL AppendMenu(  HMENU hMenu,         // handle to menu
  UINT uFlags,         // menu-item options
  UINT_PTR uIDNewItem, // identifier, menu, or submenu
  LPCTSTR lpNewItem    // menu-item content
  );
 uFlags:
    MF_POPUP  -有子菜单的菜单项目，uIDNewItem要设置为子菜单的句柄（转换为uint）
    MF_SEPARATOR -分隔线
    MF_STRING    -一般菜单项，被点击后会发送消息 WM_COMMAND
    MF_MENUBREAK -换一列

把菜单加到窗口：
BOOL SetMenu(  HWND hWnd,  // handle to window  HMENU hMenu // handle to menu
);
//修改菜单的勾选状态
DWORD CheckMenuItem(  HMENU hmenu,        // handle to menu
  UINT uIDCheckItem,  // menu item to check or uncheck
  UINT uCheck         // menu item options
  );
uCheck：
    MF_BYCOMMAND  -填写菜单id
    MF_BYPOSITION -填写菜单索引
    MF_CHECKED/MF_UNCHECKED //1/0 --是否选中

//触发菜单点击事件
case WM_COMMAND:
    On_Command(hwnd,wparam);
    break;
//点击事件处理
void On_Command(HWND hwnd,WPARAM wparam)
{
    bool IsFromMenu=(HIWORD(wparam)==0?true:false);//点击菜单:0，加速键:1
    unsigned int id=LOWORD(wparam);//被点的控件id
    switch(id)
    {
    case 10011:
        //MessageBox(NULL,"打开","info",MB_OK);
        if(isChecked)
        {
            CheckMenuItem(menu1,id,MF_BYCOMMAND|MF_UNCHECKED);isChecked=false;
        }
        else{  CheckMenuItem(menu1,id,MF_BYCOMMAND|MF_CHECKED);isChecked=true;
        //MessageBox(NULL,"1","info",MB_OK);
        }
        break;
    }
}
//设置可用或不可用，与CheckMenuItem用法一样
BOOL EnableMenuItem(HMENU hMenu,// handle to menu
  UINT uIDEnableItem,  // menu item to update
  UINT uEnable         // options
  );
WM_INITMENUPOPUP  //弹出菜单在被点击还未弹出来之前触发的消息
LRESULT CALLBACK WindowProc(
  HWND hwnd,       // handle to window
  UINT uMsg,       // WM_INITMENUPOPUP
  WPARAM wParam,   // handle to menu (HMENU)
  LPARAM lParam    // item position and indicator
);
lParam：
    LOWORD  被点击菜单的索引
    HIWORD  将要显示的菜单是否为窗口菜单（弹出式菜单不属于窗口菜单）

系统菜单的操作，消息：WM_SYSCOMMAND，不太重要，一般不用。
HMENU GetSystemMenu(  HWND hWnd,    // handle to window
  BOOL bRevert  // 是否返回默认菜单
  );
  AppendMenu //前面用过
 //删除菜单，根据位置删除时，删除前一个，后面一个会改变位置。
 BOOL DeleteMenu(  HMENU hMenu,     // handle to menu
  UINT uPosition,  // menu item identifier or position
  UINT uFlags      // option（MF_BYPOSITION/MF_BYCOMMAND）
  );

右键菜单：弹出式菜单，前面用过，这里主要在右键时显示菜单。
BOOL TrackPopupMenu(
  HMENU hMenu,         // handle to shortcut menu
  UINT uFlags,         // options
  int x,               // horizontal position
  int y,               // vertical position
  int nReserved,       // reserved, must be zero
  HWND hWnd,           // handle to owner window
  CONST RECT *prcRect  // ignored
);
uFlags:
    TPM_RETURNCMD  -点击菜单项，不发出WM_COMMAND消息，但有返回值（被点击菜单的ID）

//右键消息处理函数，也可以在WM_CONTEXTMENU消息中处理（专门处理）
//WM_CONTEXTMENU 在 WM_RBUTTONUP之后触发的
//WM_CONTEXTMENU 中的坐标不需要转换
void OnRButtonUp(HWND hwnd,LPARAM lparam)
{
    HMENU menucontext=CreatePopupMenu();
    AppendMenu(menucontext,MF_STRING,103,"查看");
    AppendMenu(menucontext,MF_STRING,104,"放大");
    AppendMenu(menucontext,MF_STRING,105,"缩小");
    POINT pt={0};
    pt.y=HIWORD(lparam);
    pt.x=LOWORD(lparam);
    ClientToScreen(hwnd, pt);//将客户区坐标转换为相对于屏幕的坐标
    int cmdid= TrackPopupMenu(menucontext,TPM_LEFTALIGN|TPM_LEFTBUTTON|TPM_RETURNCMD,pt.x,pt.y,0,
        hwnd,NULL);//在鼠标位置显示菜单
    char txt[30]={0};
    sprintf(txt,"被点的菜单ID：%d\n",cmdid);
    MessageBox(hwnd,txt,"info",MB_OK);
}

ScreenToClient();//坐标转换函数

代码示例：

同样创建win32 application

主要cpp代码修改为：

// win32app.cpp : Defines the entry point for the application.

#include "stdafx.h"

#include stdio.h 

HINSTANCE g_hinstance=0;//全局句柄

HMENU menu1=0,menu2=0;

HANDLE g_houtput=0;

void OnCreate(HWND hwnd,LPARAM lparam)

 HMENU menu=CreateMenu();

 menu1=CreatePopupMenu();

 AppendMenu(menu1,MF_STRING|MF_CHECKED,10011,"打开");

 AppendMenu(menu1,MF_STRING,10012,"保存");

 AppendMenu(menu1,MF_SEPARATOR,0,NULL);

 AppendMenu(menu1,MF_STRING|MF_MENUBREAK,10013,"退出");

 menu2=CreatePopupMenu();

 AppendMenu(menu2,MF_STRING,10021,"复制");

 AppendMenu(menu2,MF_STRING|MF_GRAYED,10022,"粘贴");

 AppendMenu(menu,MF_POPUP,(UINT)menu1,"文件");

 AppendMenu(menu,MF_SEPARATOR,0,NULL);

 AppendMenu(menu,MF_POPUP,(UINT)menu2,"编辑");

 SetMenu(hwnd,menu);


 char txt[200]={0};

 sprintf(txt,"OnInitMenuPopUp:menu:%d,Index:%d,IsWindow:%d\n",wParam,index,IsWindowMenu);

 WriteConsole(g_houtput,txt,strlen(txt),NULL,NULL);

 return 0;

bool isChecked=true;

void On_Command(HWND hwnd,WPARAM wparam)

 bool IsFromMenu=(HIWORD(wparam)==0?true:false);

 unsigned int id=LOWORD(wparam);

 switch(id)

 case 10011:

 //MessageBox(NULL,"打开","info",MB_OK);

 if(isChecked)

 CheckMenuItem(menu1,id,MF_BYCOMMAND|MF_UNCHECKED);isChecked=false;

 else{ CheckMenuItem(menu1,id,MF_BYCOMMAND|MF_CHECKED);isChecked=true;

 //MessageBox(NULL,"1","info",MB_OK);

 break;

void OnSysCommand(HWND hwnd,WPARAM wparam)

 bool IsFromMenu=(HIWORD(wparam)==0?true:false);

 unsigned int id=LOWORD(wparam);

 switch(id)

 case 101:

 MessageBox(hwnd,"我的菜单","info",MB_OK);

 break;

 default:

 //MessageBox(hwnd,"我的菜单1","info",MB_OK);

 break;

void OnRButtonUp(HWND hwnd,LPARAM lparam)

// HMENU menucontext=CreatePopupMenu();

// AppendMenu(menucontext,MF_STRING,103,"查看");

// AppendMenu(menucontext,MF_STRING,104,"放大");

// AppendMenu(menucontext,MF_STRING,105,"缩小");

// POINT pt={0};

// pt.y=HIWORD(lparam);

// pt.x=LOWORD(lparam);

// ClientToScreen(hwnd, pt);//将客户区坐标转换为相对于屏幕的坐标

// int cmdid= TrackPopupMenu(menucontext,TPM_LEFTALIGN|TPM_LEFTBUTTON|TPM_RETURNCMD,pt.x,pt.y,0,

// hwnd,NULL);//在鼠标位置显示菜单

// char txt[30]={0};

// sprintf(txt,"被点的菜单ID：%d\n",cmdid);

// MessageBox(hwnd,txt,"info",MB_OK);

void OnContextMenu(HWND hwnd,LPARAM lparam)

 HMENU menucontext=CreatePopupMenu();

 AppendMenu(menucontext,MF_STRING,103,"查看");

 AppendMenu(menucontext,MF_STRING,104,"放大");

 AppendMenu(menucontext,MF_STRING,105,"缩小");

 POINT pt={0};

 pt.y=HIWORD(lparam);

 pt.x=LOWORD(lparam);

 //ClientToScreen(hwnd, pt);//将客户区坐标转换为相对于屏幕的坐标

 int cmdid= TrackPopupMenu(menucontext,TPM_LEFTALIGN|TPM_LEFTBUTTON|TPM_RETURNCMD,pt.x,pt.y,0,

 hwnd,NULL);//在鼠标位置显示菜单

 if(cmdid!=0){

 char txt[30]={0};

 sprintf(txt,"被点的菜单ID：%d\n",cmdid);

 MessageBox(hwnd,txt,"info",MB_OK);

//回调函数

LRESULT CALLBACK WinProc(HWND hwnd,UINT msg,WPARAM wparam,LPARAM lparam)

 switch(msg)

 case WM_SYSCOMMAND:

 if(wparam==SC_CLOSE){

 int ret=MessageBox(NULL,"是否退出","info",MB_YESNO);

 if(ret==IDYES){

 //下面代码会自动关闭和销毁

 //PostQuitMessage(0);

 else return 0;//不执行下面代码

 OnSysCommand(hwnd,wparam);

 break;

 //在创建窗口之后还未显示的时候

 case WM_CREATE:

 OnCreate(hwnd,lparam);

 break;

 case WM_DESTROY:

 PostQuitMessage(0);

 break;

 case WM_COMMAND:

 On_Command(hwnd,wparam);

 break;

 case WM_INITMENUPOPUP:

 OnInitMunuPopUp(hwnd,msg,wparam,lparam);

 break;

 case WM_RBUTTONUP:

 OnRButtonUp(hwnd,lparam);

 break;

 case WM_CONTEXTMENU:

 OnContextMenu(hwnd,lparam);

 break;

 return DefWindowProc(hwnd,msg,wparam,lparam);

//注册窗口类

BOOL Register(LPSTR lpClassName,WNDPROC wndproc)

 WNDCLASSEX wce={0};

 wce.cbSize=sizeof(wce);

 wce.cbClsExtra=200;

 wce.cbWndExtra=200;

 wce.hbrBackground=(HBRUSH)(COLOR_WINDOW+1);

 wce.hCursor=NULL;

 wce.hIcon=NULL;

 wce.hIconSm=NULL;

 wce.hInstance=g_hinstance;

 wce.lpfnWndProc=wndproc;

 wce.lpszClassName=lpClassName;

 wce.lpszMenuName=NULL;

 wce. "注册失败","info",MB_OK);

 return FALSE;

 return TRUE;

//创建窗口

HWND CreateMain(LPSTR lpClassName,LPSTR lpWndName)

 HWND hwnd=CreateWindowEx(0,lpClassName,lpWndName,WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW,CW_USEDEFAULT,CW_USEDEFAULT,

 CW_USEDEFAULT,CW_USEDEFAULT,NULL,NULL,g_hinstance,"hello create");

 return hwnd;

//创建子窗口

HWND CreateChild(HWND phwnd,LPSTR lpClassName,LPSTR lpWndName)

 if(Register(lpClassName,DefWindowProc)==0)

 MessageBox(phwnd,"创建子窗口失败","info",MB_OK);

 return NULL;

 //子窗口风格，都要 WS_CHILD|WS_VISIBLE

 HWND hwnd=CreateWindowEx(0,lpClassName,lpWndName,WS_CHILD|WS_VISIBLE|WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW,CW_USEDEFAULT,CW_USEDEFAULT,

 200,200,phwnd,NULL,g_hinstance,NULL);

 return hwnd;

//显示窗口

void Display(HWND hwnd)

 ShowWindow(hwnd,SW_SHOW);

 UpdateWindow(hwnd);

//处理消息

void MSGdeal()

 MSG msg={0};

 while(GetMessage( msg,NULL,0,0)){

 TranslateMessage( msg);//翻译消息 

 DispatchMessage( msg);//派发给 WinProc 处理消息 


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动态库: 函数被程序或其他动态库调用,被调用时，代码只有1份,文件后缀.