Python编程:shutil模块-操作目录及文件
2023-09-14 09:07:13 时间
操作目录及文件
import shutil
f1 = open("file.txt", "r", encoding="utf-8")
f2 = open("file_new.txt", "w", encoding="utf-8")
shutil.copyfileobj(f1, f2) # 通过文件对象拷贝文件内容
shutil.copyfile("file.txt", "file_new.txt") # 拷贝文件内容
shutil.copymode("file.txt", "file_new.txt") # 仅拷贝权限
shutil.copystat("file.txt", "file_new.txt") # 拷贝信息
shutil.copy("file.txt", "file_new.txt") # 拷贝文件,包括权限
shutil.copy2("file.txt", "file_new.txt") # 拷贝文件,包括全部信息
shutil.copytree("dir", "dir2") # 拷贝目录及文件, 新文件不能存在
shutil.move("dir","dir2") # 移动目录及文件
shutil.rmtree("dir2") # 删除目录及文件
shutil.make_archive("dir1", "zip", "dir") # 压缩文件
# (压缩后的文件名,文件格式,要压缩的文件路径)
shutil.unpack_archive("day5.zip", "dir", "zip") # 解压文件
压缩文件zipfile
import zipfile
# 压缩
z = zipfile.ZipFile("dir5.zip", "w")
z.write("file.txt")
z.close()
# 解压
z = zipfile.ZipFile("dir5.zip", "r")
z.extractall()
z.close()
压缩文件tarfile
import tarfile
# 压缩
t = tarfile.open("dir1.tar", "w")
t.add("file.txt")
t.add("file_new.txt")
t.close()
# 解压
t = tarfile.open("dir1.tar", "r")
t.extractall()
t.close()
help(shutil)
"""
FUNCTIONS
chown(path, user=None, group=None)
Change owner user and group of the given path.
copy(src, dst, *, follow_symlinks=True)
Copy data and mode bits ("cp src dst"). Return the file's destination.
copy2(src, dst, *, follow_symlinks=True)
Copy data and all stat info ("cp -p src dst"). Return the file's
destination."
copyfile(src, dst, *, follow_symlinks=True)
Copy data from src to dst.
copyfileobj(fsrc, fdst, length=16384)
copy data from file-like object fsrc to file-like object fdst
copymode(src, dst, *, follow_symlinks=True)
Copy mode bits from src to dst.
copystat(src, dst, *, follow_symlinks=True)
Copy all stat info (mode bits, atime, mtime, flags) from src to dst.
copytree(src, dst, symlinks=False, ignore=None, copy_function=<function copy2 at 0x0000000002A64A60>, ignore_dangling_symlinks=False)
Recursively copy a directory tree.
disk_usage(path)
Return disk usage statistics about the given path.
get_archive_formats()
Returns a list of supported formats for archiving and unarchiving.
get_unpack_formats()
Returns a list of supported formats for unpacking.
ignore_patterns(*patterns)
Function that can be used as copytree() ignore parameter.
make_archive(base_name, format, root_dir=None, base_dir=None, verbose=0, dry_run=0, owner=None, group=None, logger=None)
Create an archive file (eg. zip or tar).
move(src, dst)
Recursively move a file or directory to another location. This is
similar to the Unix "mv" command. Return the file or directory's
destination.
register_archive_format(name, function, extra_args=None, description='')
Registers an archive format.
register_unpack_format(name, extensions, function, extra_args=None, description='')
Registers an unpack format.
rmtree(path, ignore_errors=False, None)
Recursively delete a directory tree.
unpack_archive(filename, extract_dir=None, format=None)
Unpack an archive.
unregister_archive_format(name)
unregister_unpack_format(name)
Removes the pack format from the registery.
which(cmd, mode=1, path=None)
Given a command, mode, and a PATH string, return the path which
conforms to the given mode on the PATH, or None if there is no such
file.
"""
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