金融/语音/音频处理学术速递[11.11]

q-fin金融，共计4篇

cs.SD语音，共计5篇

eess.AS音频处理，共计4篇

1.q-fin金融:

【1】 The Local Economic Impact of Mineral Mining in Africa: Evidence from Four Decades of Satellite Imagery 标题：非洲矿业对当地经济的影响：来自40年卫星图像的证据 链接：https://arxiv.org/abs/2111.05783

作者：Sandro Provenzano,Hannah Bull 摘要：本文收集了大量卫星图像档案，以提供有关矿山开矿和关闭如何影响非洲当地社区发展的新见解。我们在1984年至2019年间从半径40公里的1658个矿藏收集了30米分辨率的陆地卫星图像，覆盖了12%的非洲大陆。利用计算机视觉中最先进的技术，我们将这些图像转化为具有经济意义的指标，包括物质财富预测以及城市和农业用地。然后，我们使用叠加事件研究和差中差模型来估计矿山开闭对这些指标的局部影响。我们的研究结果表明，矿山开采增加了财富，促进了当地城市发展和周边地区的农业活动。此外，民主制度是地方社区采矿成功的决定性因素。然而，我们的结果表明，矿区的快速增长只是暂时的。矿山关闭后，以前的矿区无法保持较高的增长率，也无法恢复到与没有矿山的地区相同的发展速度。 摘要：This paper assembles large archives of satellite imagery to provide novel insights on how mine openings and closings impact the development of local communities in Africa. We collect 30m-resolution Landsat images between 1984 and 2019 from a 40km radius around 1,658 mineral deposits, covering 12% of the African landmass. Using state-of-the-art techniques in computer vision, we translate these images into economically meaningful indicators, including material wealth predictions as well as urban and agricultural land use. We then use stacked event studies and difference-in-difference models to estimate the local impact of mine openings and closings on these indicators. Our findings demonstrate that mine openings increase wealth and boost local urban growth and agricultural activities in the surrounding area. Furthermore, democratic institutions are a decisive factor for making mining a success for local communities. However, our results show that the fast growth in mining areas is only temporary. After the mines close, former mining areas cannot maintain elevated growth rates and revert to the same pace of development as areas without mines.

【2】 Going... going... wrong: a test of the level-k (and cognitive hierarchy) models of bidding behaviour 标题：去..。去..。错误：对竞价行为的k级(和认知层次)模型的测试 链接：https://arxiv.org/abs/2111.05686

作者：Itzhak Rasooly 摘要：在本文中，我们设计并实现了一个旨在测试level-k拍卖模型的实验。我们首先询问哪种（简单）环境可以最好地将level-k模型从其主要竞争对手Bayes-Nash均衡中分离出来。我们发现两种环境特别适合这一目的：具有均匀分布价值的全付费拍卖和具有取消出价可能性的首价拍卖。然后，我们在虚拟实验室中实现这两种环境，以查看哪种理论能够最好地解释观察到的投标行为。我们发现，经过合理校准后，k级模型大大低估了观察到的出价，并且明显超出了均衡。此外，试图将k级模型与观测数据相匹配会导致难以置信的高估计水平，而这又与从已知触发k级推理的游戏中推断出的水平无关。最后，当被要求解释他们如何出价时，受试者几乎从不诉诸迭代推理。总的来说，这些发现表明，尽管k级模型在预测其他战略环境下的行为方面取得了显著成功，但它（及其近亲认知层次）无法解释拍卖行为。 摘要：In this paper, we design and implement an experiment aimed at testing the level-k model of auctions. We begin by asking which (simple) environments can best disentangle the level-k model from its leading rival, Bayes-Nash equilibrium. We find two environments that are particularly suited to this purpose: an all-pay auction with uniformly distributed values, and a first-price auction with the possibility of cancelled bids. We then implement both of these environments in a virtual laboratory in order to see which theory can best explain observed bidding behaviour. We find that, when plausibly calibrated, the level-k model substantially under-predicts the observed bids and is clearly out-performed by equilibrium. Moreover, attempting to fit the level-k model to the observed data results in implausibly high estimated levels, which in turn bear no relation to the levels inferred from a game known to trigger level-k reasoning. Finally, subjects almost never appeal to iterated reasoning when asked to explain how they bid. Overall, these findings suggest that, despite its notable success in predicting behaviour in other strategic settings, the level-k model (and its close cousin cognitive hierarchy) cannot explain behaviour in auctions.

【3】 Flood Disasters and Health Among the Urban Poor 标题：城市贫困人口中的洪涝灾害与健康 链接：https://arxiv.org/abs/2111.05455

作者：Michelle Escobar Carias,David Johnston,Rachel Knott,Rohan Sweeney 机构：Centre for Health Economics, Monash University 备注：41 pages, 1 figure, 6 tables, 10 Appendix tables 摘要：数十亿人生活在城市贫困之中，许多人被迫居住在易受灾地区。研究表明，这些灾难损害了儿童营养，增加了成人发病率。然而，人们对心理健康的影响知之甚少，特别是对生活在贫民窟的人。在本文中，我们评估了洪水灾害对印度尼西亚城市贫困成年人和儿童身心健康的影响。我们的数据来自印度尼西亚家庭生活调查和新的非正式定居居民调查。我们发现，城市贫困人口在洪水后的急性疾病和抑郁症状增加，负面的心理健康影响持续时间更长，而城市富人没有因洪水暴露而表现出健康影响。进一步的分析表明，更糟糕的经济结果可能是部分原因。总的来说，研究结果提供了对最易受灾害增加影响的人群所经历疾病的更细致的理解。 摘要：Billions of people live in urban poverty, with many forced to reside in disaster-prone areas. Research suggests that such disasters harm child nutrition and increase adult morbidity. However, little is known about impacts on mental health, particularly of people living in slums. In this paper we estimate the effects of flood disasters on the mental and physical health of poor adults and children in urban Indonesia. Our data come from the Indonesia Family Life Survey and new surveys of informal settlement residents. We find that urban poor populations experience increases in acute morbidities and depressive symptoms following floods, that the negative mental health effects last longer, and that the urban wealthy show no health effects from flood exposure. Further analysis suggests that worse economic outcomes may be partly responsible. Overall, the results provide a more nuanced understanding of the morbidities experienced by populations most vulnerable to increased disaster occurrence.

【4】 An Integrated Vaccination Site Selection and Dose Allocation Problem with Fairness Concerns 标题：考虑公平性的疫苗接种地点选择和剂量分配综合问题 链接：https://arxiv.org/abs/2111.05843

作者：Mohammad Firouz,Linda Li,Daizy Ahmed,Abdulaziz Ahmed 机构：Department of Marketing, Missouri State University, Springfield, MO ,., Department of Management, Information Systems, and Quantitative Methods, University of Alabama at, Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Nadia, District, West Bengal ,. 摘要：疫苗接种的公平性不仅从社会公正的角度来看很重要，而且经验表明，疫苗的公平分配在公共免疫中证明更有效，因为它可以防止在人群中形成高度集中的感染区。在本文中，我们从两个同时存在的角度来解决公平问题：公平和可及性。在我们的环境中，公平意味着，每个需求区应尽可能获得可用总剂量的公平份额。另一方面，无障碍性意味着，每个需求区应尽可能具有相同的旅行距离，以进入其指定的疫苗接种地点。 摘要：Fairness in vaccination is not only important from a social justice point of view, but experience has shown that a fair distribution of vaccine proves more effective in public immunization by preventing highly-concentrated infected areas to form among the population. In this paper, we address fairness from two simultaneous points of view: equity and accessibility. Equity in our setting means that as far as possible, each demand zone should receive a fair-share of the total doses available. On the other hand, accessibility means that as far as possible, each demand zone should have equal travel distance to access their assigned vaccination site.

2.cs.SD语音:

【1】 Structure from Silence: Learning Scene Structure from Ambient Sound 标题：无声中的结构：从环境声中学习场景结构 链接：https://arxiv.org/abs/2111.05846

作者：Ziyang Chen,Xixi Hu,Andrew Owens 机构：University of Michigan 备注：Accepted to CoRL 2021 (Oral Presentation) 摘要：从旋转的吊扇到滴答作响的时钟，当我们在场景中移动时，我们听到的声音会发生微妙的变化。我们询问这些环境声音是否传达了有关3D场景结构的信息，如果是，它们是否为多模态模型提供了有用的学习信号。为了研究这一点，我们收集了来自各种安静室内场景的成对音频和RGB-D录音数据集。然后，我们训练模型，估计到附近墙壁的距离，只提供音频作为输入。我们还利用这些录音通过自我监督学习多模态表征，通过训练网络将图像与其对应的声音相关联。这些结果表明，环境声音传递了大量有关场景结构的信息，是学习多模态特征的有用信号。 摘要：From whirling ceiling fans to ticking clocks, the sounds that we hear subtly vary as we move through a scene. We ask whether these ambient sounds convey information about 3D scene structure and, if so, whether they provide a useful learning signal for multimodal models. To study this, we collect a dataset of paired audio and RGB-D recordings from a variety of quiet indoor scenes. We then train models that estimate the distance to nearby walls, given only audio as input. We also use these recordings to learn multimodal representations through self-supervision, by training a network to associate images with their corresponding sounds. These results suggest that ambient sound conveys a surprising amount of information about scene structure, and that it is a useful signal for learning multimodal features.

【2】 Improving the Chamberlin Digital State Variable Filter 标题：对张伯林数字状态变量过滤的改进 链接：https://arxiv.org/abs/2111.05592

作者：Victor Lazzarini,Joseph Timoney 机构：Ireland 摘要：状态变量滤波器配置是一种经典的模拟设计，已应用于许多电子音乐应用中。Chamberlin提出了该滤波器的数字实现，并以软件和硬件两种形式部署。虽然这已被证明是一种简单而成功的数字滤波器设计，但它存在一些问题，这些问题已经在文献中确定。从修正的Chamberlin方块图中，我们导出了描述其三种基本响应的传递函数：高通、带通和低通。对这些问题的分析导致了一项改进的发展，该改进试图更好地塑造滤波器频谱。根据这些新的传递函数，建立了一组滤波方程。最后，将该方法与另一种基于时域的更新方程重新组织方法进行了比较，结果表明，该方法可以提供类似的结果。 摘要：The state variable filter configuration is a classic analogue design which has been employed in many electronic music applications. A digital implementation of this filter was put forward by Chamberlin, which has been deployed in both software and hardware forms. While this has proven to be a straightforward and successful digital filter design, it suffers from some issues, which have already been identified in the literature. From a modified Chamberlin block diagram, we derive the transfer functions describing its three basic responses, highpass, bandpass, and lowpass. An analysis of these leads to the development of an improvement, which attempts to better shape the filter spectrum. From these new transfer functions, a set of filter equations is developed. Finally, the approach is compared to an alternative time-domain based re-organisation of update equations, which is shown to deliver a similar result.

【3】 Inclusive Speaker Verification with Adaptive thresholding 标题：基于自适应阈值的包容性说话人确认 链接：https://arxiv.org/abs/2111.05501

作者：Navdeep Jain,Hongcheng Wang 机构：Comcast Applied AI Research 摘要：在商业应用程序中使用基于说话人验证（SV）的系统时，重要的是，客户无论性别、年龄或种族，都要有包容性的体验。在本文中，我们分析了性别和年龄对SV的影响，发现对于不同性别和年龄组的期望共同错误接受率（FAR），不同性别和年龄组的错误拒绝率（FRR）是不同的。为了优化所有用户的FRR以获得所需的FAR，我们提出了SV的上下文（例如性别、年龄）自适应阈值框架。上下文可以作为许多实际应用的先验信息。我们还提出了一个连接的性别/年龄检测模型，在没有这些先验信息的情况下通过算法推导上下文。我们的实验表明，我们的上下文自适应阈值方法在构建更高效的包容性SV系统中是有效的。具体地说，我们表明，我们可以通过使用性别特定阈值，在voxceleb1测试集上降低特定性别所需FAR的FRR。对OGI儿童语音语料库的类似分析表明，通过使用特定于年龄的阈值，我们可以显著降低特定年龄组所需FAR的FRR。 摘要：While using a speaker verification (SV) based system in a commercial application, it is important that customers have an inclusive experience irrespective of their gender, age, or ethnicity. In this paper, we analyze the impact of gender and age on SV and find that for a desired common False Acceptance Rate (FAR) across different gender and age groups, the False Rejection Rate (FRR) is different for different gender and age groups. To optimize FRR for all users for a desired FAR, we propose a context (e.g. gender, age) adaptive thresholding framework for SV. The context can be available as prior information for many practical applications. We also propose a concatenated gender/age detection model to algorithmically derive the context in absence of such prior information. We experimentally show that our context-adaptive thresholding method is effective in building a more efficient inclusive SV system. Specifically, we show that we can reduce FRR for specific gender for a desired FAR on the voxceleb1 test set by using gender-specific thresholds. Similar analysis on OGI kids' speech corpus shows that by using an age-specific threshold, we can significantly reduce FRR for certain age groups for desired FAR.

【4】 OSSEM: one-shot speaker adaptive speech enhancement using meta learning 标题：OSSEM：基于元学习的单次说话人自适应语音增强 链接：https://arxiv.org/abs/2111.05703

作者：Cheng Yu,Szu-Wei Fu,Tsun-An Hsieh,Yu Tsao,Mirco Ravanelli 机构：Research Center for Information Technology Innovation, Academia Sinica, Taiwan, Mila-Quebec AI Institute, Montreal, Canada 摘要：尽管深度学习（DL）在语音增强（SE）方面取得了显著的进展，但基于DL的SE系统要有效地适应特定的说话人，还需要进一步的研究。在这项研究中，我们提出了一种新的基于元学习的说话人自适应SE方法（称为OSSEM），旨在以一次性方式实现SE模型自适应。OSSEM由一个改进的TransformerSE网络和一个特定于说话人的屏蔽（SSM）网络组成。在实际应用中，SSM网络采用ECAPA-TDNN提取的注册说话人嵌入，通过掩蔽调整输入噪声特征。为了评估OSSEM，我们设计了一个改进的语音库需求数据集，其中测试集中的一个语音用于模型自适应，其余语音用于测试性能。此外，我们设置了允许实时执行增强过程的限制，从而将OSSEM设计为因果SE系统。实验结果首先表明，OSSEM可以有效地将预训练SE模型应用于只使用一个话语的特定说话人，从而获得更好的SE结果。同时，与最先进的因果SE系统相比，OSSEM具有竞争力。 摘要：Although deep learning (DL) has achieved notable progress in speech enhancement (SE), further research is still required for a DL-based SE system to adapt effectively and efficiently to particular speakers. In this study, we propose a novel meta-learning-based speaker-adaptive SE approach (called OSSEM) that aims to achieve SE model adaptation in a one-shot manner. OSSEM consists of a modified transformer SE network and a speaker-specific masking (SSM) network. In practice, the SSM network takes an enrolled speaker embedding extracted using ECAPA-TDNN to adjust the input noisy feature through masking. To evaluate OSSEM, we designed a modified Voice Bank-DEMAND dataset, in which one utterance from the testing set was used for model adaptation, and the remaining utterances were used for testing the performance. Moreover, we set restrictions allowing the enhancement process to be conducted in real time, and thus designed OSSEM to be a causal SE system. Experimental results first show that OSSEM can effectively adapt a pretrained SE model to a particular speaker with only one utterance, thus yielding improved SE results. Meanwhile, OSSEM exhibits a competitive performance compared to state-of-the-art causal SE systems.

【5】 HASA-net: A non-intrusive hearing-aid speech assessment network 标题：HASA-NET：一种非侵入式助听器语音评估网络 链接：https://arxiv.org/abs/2111.05691

作者：Hsin-Tien Chiang,Yi-Chiao Wu,Cheng Yu,Tomoki Toda,Hsin-Min Wang,Yih-Chun Hu,Yu Tsao 机构：Research Center for Information Technology Innovation, Academia Sinica, Taiwan, Information Technology Center, Nagoya University, Japan, Institute of Information Science, Academia Sinica, Taiwan, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, USA 摘要：由于不需要一个干净的参考，非侵入式语音评估方法已经引起了人们的广泛关注。近年来，深度神经网络（DNN）模型被用于构建非侵入性语音评估方法，并被证实具有良好的性能。然而，大多数基于DNN的方法是为正常听力听者设计的，没有考虑听力损失因素。在这项研究中，我们提出了一个基于DNN的助听器语音评估网络（HASA网络），该网络由一个双向长短时记忆（BLSTM）模型组成，根据输入语音信号和指定的听力损失模式同时预测语音质量和可懂度分数。据我们所知，HASA网络是第一个利用基于DNN的统一非侵入式助听器模型进行质量和清晰度评估的工作。实验结果表明，HASA网络的预测语音质量和可懂度分数分别与两个著名的侵入式助听器评估指标——助听器语音质量指数（HASQI）和助听器语音感知指数（HASPI）高度相关。 摘要：Without the need of a clean reference, non-intrusive speech assessment methods have caught great attention for objective evaluations. Recently, deep neural network (DNN) models have been applied to build non-intrusive speech assessment approaches and confirmed to provide promising performance. However, most DNN-based approaches are designed for normal-hearing listeners without considering hearing-loss factors. In this study, we propose a DNN-based hearing aid speech assessment network (HASA-Net), formed by a bidirectional long short-term memory (BLSTM) model, to predict speech quality and intelligibility scores simultaneously according to input speech signals and specified hearing-loss patterns. To the best of our knowledge, HASA-Net is the first work to incorporate quality and intelligibility assessments utilizing a unified DNN-based non-intrusive model for hearing aids. Experimental results show that the predicted speech quality and intelligibility scores of HASA-Net are highly correlated to two well-known intrusive hearing-aid evaluation metrics, hearing aid speech quality index (HASQI) and hearing aid speech perception index (HASPI), respectively.

3.eess.AS音频处理:

【1】 OSSEM: one-shot speaker adaptive speech enhancement using meta learning 标题：OSSEM：基于元学习的单次说话人自适应语音增强 链接：https://arxiv.org/abs/2111.05703

作者：Cheng Yu,Szu-Wei Fu,Tsun-An Hsieh,Yu Tsao,Mirco Ravanelli 机构：Research Center for Information Technology Innovation, Academia Sinica, Taiwan, Mila-Quebec AI Institute, Montreal, Canada 摘要：尽管深度学习（DL）在语音增强（SE）方面取得了显著的进展，但基于DL的SE系统要有效地适应特定的说话人，还需要进一步的研究。在这项研究中，我们提出了一种新的基于元学习的说话人自适应SE方法（称为OSSEM），旨在以一次性方式实现SE模型自适应。OSSEM由一个改进的TransformerSE网络和一个特定于说话人的屏蔽（SSM）网络组成。在实际应用中，SSM网络采用ECAPA-TDNN提取的注册说话人嵌入，通过掩蔽调整输入噪声特征。为了评估OSSEM，我们设计了一个改进的语音库需求数据集，其中测试集中的一个语音用于模型自适应，其余语音用于测试性能。此外，我们设置了允许实时执行增强过程的限制，从而将OSSEM设计为因果SE系统。实验结果首先表明，OSSEM可以有效地将预训练SE模型应用于只使用一个话语的特定说话人，从而获得更好的SE结果。同时，与最先进的因果SE系统相比，OSSEM具有竞争力。 摘要：Although deep learning (DL) has achieved notable progress in speech enhancement (SE), further research is still required for a DL-based SE system to adapt effectively and efficiently to particular speakers. In this study, we propose a novel meta-learning-based speaker-adaptive SE approach (called OSSEM) that aims to achieve SE model adaptation in a one-shot manner. OSSEM consists of a modified transformer SE network and a speaker-specific masking (SSM) network. In practice, the SSM network takes an enrolled speaker embedding extracted using ECAPA-TDNN to adjust the input noisy feature through masking. To evaluate OSSEM, we designed a modified Voice Bank-DEMAND dataset, in which one utterance from the testing set was used for model adaptation, and the remaining utterances were used for testing the performance. Moreover, we set restrictions allowing the enhancement process to be conducted in real time, and thus designed OSSEM to be a causal SE system. Experimental results first show that OSSEM can effectively adapt a pretrained SE model to a particular speaker with only one utterance, thus yielding improved SE results. Meanwhile, OSSEM exhibits a competitive performance compared to state-of-the-art causal SE systems.

【2】 HASA-net: A non-intrusive hearing-aid speech assessment network 标题：HASA-NET：一种非侵入式助听器语音评估网络 链接：https://arxiv.org/abs/2111.05691

作者：Hsin-Tien Chiang,Yi-Chiao Wu,Cheng Yu,Tomoki Toda,Hsin-Min Wang,Yih-Chun Hu,Yu Tsao 机构：Research Center for Information Technology Innovation, Academia Sinica, Taiwan, Information Technology Center, Nagoya University, Japan, Institute of Information Science, Academia Sinica, Taiwan, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, USA 摘要：由于不需要一个干净的参考，非侵入式语音评估方法已经引起了人们的广泛关注。近年来，深度神经网络（DNN）模型被用于构建非侵入性语音评估方法，并被证实具有良好的性能。然而，大多数基于DNN的方法是为正常听力听者设计的，没有考虑听力损失因素。在这项研究中，我们提出了一个基于DNN的助听器语音评估网络（HASA网络），该网络由一个双向长短时记忆（BLSTM）模型组成，根据输入语音信号和指定的听力损失模式同时预测语音质量和可懂度分数。据我们所知，HASA网络是第一个利用基于DNN的统一非侵入式助听器模型进行质量和清晰度评估的工作。实验结果表明，HASA网络的预测语音质量和可懂度分数分别与两个著名的侵入式助听器评估指标——助听器语音质量指数（HASQI）和助听器语音感知指数（HASPI）高度相关。 摘要：Without the need of a clean reference, non-intrusive speech assessment methods have caught great attention for objective evaluations. Recently, deep neural network (DNN) models have been applied to build non-intrusive speech assessment approaches and confirmed to provide promising performance. However, most DNN-based approaches are designed for normal-hearing listeners without considering hearing-loss factors. In this study, we propose a DNN-based hearing aid speech assessment network (HASA-Net), formed by a bidirectional long short-term memory (BLSTM) model, to predict speech quality and intelligibility scores simultaneously according to input speech signals and specified hearing-loss patterns. To the best of our knowledge, HASA-Net is the first work to incorporate quality and intelligibility assessments utilizing a unified DNN-based non-intrusive model for hearing aids. Experimental results show that the predicted speech quality and intelligibility scores of HASA-Net are highly correlated to two well-known intrusive hearing-aid evaluation metrics, hearing aid speech quality index (HASQI) and hearing aid speech perception index (HASPI), respectively.

【3】 Structure from Silence: Learning Scene Structure from Ambient Sound 标题：无声中的结构：从环境声中学习场景结构 链接：https://arxiv.org/abs/2111.05846

作者：Ziyang Chen,Xixi Hu,Andrew Owens 机构：University of Michigan 备注：Accepted to CoRL 2021 (Oral Presentation) 摘要：从旋转的吊扇到滴答作响的时钟，当我们在场景中移动时，我们听到的声音会发生微妙的变化。我们询问这些环境声音是否传达了有关3D场景结构的信息，如果是，它们是否为多模态模型提供了有用的学习信号。为了研究这一点，我们收集了来自各种安静室内场景的成对音频和RGB-D录音数据集。然后，我们训练模型，估计到附近墙壁的距离，只提供音频作为输入。我们还利用这些录音通过自我监督学习多模态表征，通过训练网络将图像与其对应的声音相关联。这些结果表明，环境声音传递了大量有关场景结构的信息，是学习多模态特征的有用信号。 摘要：From whirling ceiling fans to ticking clocks, the sounds that we hear subtly vary as we move through a scene. We ask whether these ambient sounds convey information about 3D scene structure and, if so, whether they provide a useful learning signal for multimodal models. To study this, we collect a dataset of paired audio and RGB-D recordings from a variety of quiet indoor scenes. We then train models that estimate the distance to nearby walls, given only audio as input. We also use these recordings to learn multimodal representations through self-supervision, by training a network to associate images with their corresponding sounds. These results suggest that ambient sound conveys a surprising amount of information about scene structure, and that it is a useful signal for learning multimodal features.

【4】 Improving the Chamberlin Digital State Variable Filter 标题：对张伯林数字状态变量过滤的改进 链接：https://arxiv.org/abs/2111.05592

作者：Victor Lazzarini,Joseph Timoney 机构：Ireland 摘要：状态变量滤波器配置是一种经典的模拟设计，已应用于许多电子音乐应用中。Chamberlin提出了该滤波器的数字实现，并以软件和硬件两种形式部署。虽然这已被证明是一种简单而成功的数字滤波器设计，但它存在一些问题，这些问题已经在文献中确定。从修正的Chamberlin方块图中，我们导出了描述其三种基本响应的传递函数：高通、带通和低通。对这些问题的分析导致了一项改进的发展，该改进试图更好地塑造滤波器频谱。根据这些新的传递函数，建立了一组滤波方程。最后，将该方法与另一种基于时域的更新方程重新组织方法进行了比较，结果表明，该方法可以提供类似的结果。 摘要：The state variable filter configuration is a classic analogue design which has been employed in many electronic music applications. A digital implementation of this filter was put forward by Chamberlin, which has been deployed in both software and hardware forms. While this has proven to be a straightforward and successful digital filter design, it suffers from some issues, which have already been identified in the literature. From a modified Chamberlin block diagram, we derive the transfer functions describing its three basic responses, highpass, bandpass, and lowpass. An analysis of these leads to the development of an improvement, which attempts to better shape the filter spectrum. From these new transfer functions, a set of filter equations is developed. Finally, the approach is compared to an alternative time-domain based re-organisation of update equations, which is shown to deliver a similar result.