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python交互式图形编程

Python 编程

2023-03-02 11:23:44 时间

简单图形编程

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笑脸代码

from graphics import*
    
    win = GraphWin()
    face = Circle(Point(100,95),50)
    leftEye = Circle(Point(80,80),5)
    leftEye.setFill("yellow")
    leftEye.setOutline("red")
    rightEye = Circle(Point(120,80),5)
    rightEye.setFill("yellow")
    rightEye.setOutline("red")
    mouth = Line(Point(80,110),Point(120,110))
    
    face.draw(win)
    mouth.draw(win)
    leftEye.draw(win)
    rightEye.draw(win)
    
    input("Press <enter>")

图形界面编程

小栗子1：点击10次图形界面框，控制打印点击的坐标

from graphics import*
    
    def main():
        win = GraphWin("Click Me!")
        for i in range(10):
            p = win.getMouse()
            print("You clicked at:",p.getX(),p.getY())
    main()

运行结果

![70 5][]

小栗子2：交互式绘制五边形

#coding=gbk
    from graphics import*
    
    def main():
        win = GraphWin("Draw a polygon",300,300)
        win.setCoords(0.0, 0.0, 300.0, 300.0)
        message = Text(Point(150,20),"Click on five points")
        message.draw(win)
        #获得多边形的6个点
        p1 = win.getMouse()
        p1.draw(win)
        p2 = win.getMouse()
        p2.draw(win)
        p3 = win.getMouse()
        p3.draw(win)
        p4 = win.getMouse()
        p4.draw(win)
        p5 = win.getMouse()
        p5.draw(win)
        p6 = win.getMouse()
        p6.draw(win)
        #使用Polygon对象绘制多边形
        polygon = Polygon(p1,p2,p3,p4,p5,p6)
        polygon.setFill("peachpuff")
        polygon.setOutline("black")
        polygon.draw(win)
        #等待响应鼠标事件，退出程序
        message.setText("Click anywehere to quit.")
        win.getMouse()
    main()

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小栗子3：温度转换

#coding=gbk
    from graphics import *
     
    win = GraphWin("Celsius Converter", 400, 300)
    win.setCoords(0.0, 0.0, 3.0, 4.0)
    # 绘制接口
    Text(Point(1,3), " Celsius Temperature:").draw(win)
    Text(Point(1,1), "Fahrenheit Temperature:").draw(win)
    input = Entry(Point(2,3), 5)
    input.setText("0.0")
    input.draw(win)
    output = Text(Point(2,1),"")
    output.draw(win)
    button = Text(Point(1.5,2.0),"Convert It")
    button.draw(win)
    Rectangle(Point(1,1.5), Point(2,2.5)).draw(win)
    # 等待鼠标点击
    win.getMouse()
    # 转换输入
    celsius = eval(input.getText())
    fahrenheit = 9.0/5.0 * celsius + 32.0
    # 显示输出，改变按钮
    output.setText(fahrenheit)
    button.setText("Quit")
    # 等待响应鼠标点击，退出程序
    win.getMouse()
    win.close()

![70 7][]

使用Tkinter创建GUI

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小栗子1：tk库初试

from tkinter import *
    tk = Tk()
    label = Label(tk,text = "Welcome to Python Tkinter")
    button = Button(tk, text = "Click Me")
    label.pack()
    button.pack()
    tk.mainloop()

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小栗子2：响应用户事件

#coding=gbk
    from tkinter import *
    
    #定义回调函数
    def processOK():
        print("OK button is clicked")
    
    def processCancel():
        print("Cancel button is clicked")
        
    def main():
        tk=Tk()
        btnOK = Button(tk,text = "OK",fg = "red",command = processOK)
        btnCancel = Button(tk, text = "Cancel", bg = "yellow",command = processCancel)
        btnOK.pack()
        btnCancel.pack()
        tk.mainloop()
    main()

![70 14][]

小栗子3：画布显示文字、图片或者绘制图形

from tkinter import *
    
    def main():
        tk = Tk()
        canvas = Canvas(tk,width = 200, height = 200)
        canvas.pack()
        canvas.create_text(100,40,text = "Welcom to Tkinter",fill = "blue",font = ("Times",16))
        myImage = PhotoImage(file = "python_logo.gif")
        canvas.create_image(10,70,anchor = NW, image = myImage)
        canvas.create_rectangle(10,70,190,130)
        tk.mainloop()
    main()

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小栗子4：上下左右键控制图形移动

from tkinter import *
     
    def main():   
        tk = Tk()
        canvas = Canvas(tk, width = 400, height = 400)
        canvas.pack()
     
        def moverectangle(event):
            if event.keysym == "Up":
                canvas.move(1,0,-5)
            elif event.keysym == "Down":
                canvas.move(1,0,5)
            elif event.keysym == "Left":
                canvas.move(1,-5,0)
            elif event.keysym == "Right":
                canvas.move(1,5,0)
             
        canvas.create_rectangle(180,180,220,220,fill="red")
        canvas.bind_all("<KeyPress-Up>",moverectangle)
        canvas.bind_all("<KeyPress-Down>",moverectangle)
        canvas.bind_all("<KeyPress-Left>",moverectangle)
        canvas.bind_all("<KeyPress-Right>",moverectangle)
     
    
    main()

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[70]: /images/20220521/794c602179154fbe8f4f5fd8c37cff06.png
[70 1]: /images/20220521/15ac4ebea1a645a18dd647a3267f35b2.png
[70 2]: /images/20220521/62ea7be610c440a391d8fe109f8bf7b4.png
[70 3]: /images/20220521/8dc12e92f7eb4f3390ad041783f37889.png
[70 4]: /images/20220521/9fb040f2adc74be29c5d6822941e1fce.png
[70 5]: /images/20220521/aa68b86929364d6bb434c511e0af22bc.png
[70 6]: /images/20220521/48ac1026d9b8450ba9b65a6d39a67cf3.png
[70 7]: /images/20220521/555597db040a49018874d720674b425c.png
[70 8]: /images/20220521/3cffef653ca54711bc94a01dadf727b2.png
[70 9]: /images/20220521/b76dec3d04ff44539077a4ec02c81b2b.png
[70 10]: /images/20220521/f2dfa7f7f79a43f2b478929004903220.png
[70 11]: /images/20220521/bfbbc7ab372c4ebeba931d291458a22a.png
[70 12]: /images/20220521/4d972ce7cc104065a4a4068990a3dd98.png
[70 13]: /images/20220521/9213e478b453417d96f687427c42c110.png
[70 14]: /images/20220521/dc318b8210fd4c7e9f3e08242218c680.png
[70 15]: /images/20220521/82b19e83df3040689843cdeb56131bd8.png
[70 16]: /images/20220521/59535dee2a754723a14f5572ae1dd99a.png

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