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python 简易时钟

2023-02-18 16:36:23 时间

1.导入模块

'''导入模块'''
import turtle
import datetime

turtle模块：它可以让你使用海龟图形（turtle graphics）绘制图像

datatime模块重新封装了time模块，提供更多接口，提供的类有：date,time,datetime,timedelta,tzinfo。

2.设计时钟

'''悬空移动'''
def move(distance):
   turtle.penup()
   turtle.forward(distance)
   turtle.pendown()


'''创建表针turtle'''
def createHand(name, length):
   turtle.reset()
   move(-length * 0.01)
   turtle.begin_poly()
   turtle.forward(length * 1.01)
   turtle.end_poly()
   hand = turtle.get_poly()
   turtle.register_shape(name, hand)


'''创建时钟'''
def createClock(radius):
   turtle.reset()
   turtle.pensize(7)
   for i in range(60):
      move(radius)
      if i % 5 == 0:
         turtle.forward(20)
         move(-radius-20)
      else:
         turtle.dot(5)
         move(-radius)
      turtle.right(6)


'''获得今天是星期几'''
def getWeekday(today):
   return ['星期一', '星期二', '星期三', '星期四', '星期五', '星期六', '星期日'][today.weekday()]


'''获得今天的日期'''
def getDate(today):
   return '%s年%s月%s日' % (today.year, today.month, today.day)


'''动态显示表针'''
def startTick(second_hand, minute_hand, hour_hand, printer):
   today = datetime.datetime.today()
   second = today.second + today.microsecond * 1e-6
   minute = today.minute + second / 60.
   hour = (today.hour + minute / 60) % 12
   # 设置朝向
   second_hand.setheading(6 * second)
   minute_hand.setheading(6 * minute)
   hour_hand.setheading(12 * hour)
   turtle.tracer(False)
   printer.forward(65)
   printer.write(getWeekday(today), align='center', font=("Courier", 14, "bold"))
   printer.forward(120)
   printer.write('12', align='center', font=("Courier", 14, "bold"))
   printer.back(250)
   printer.write(getDate(today), align='center', font=("Courier", 14, "bold"))
   printer.back(145)
   printer.write('6', align='center', font=("Courier", 14, "bold"))
   printer.home()
   printer.right(92.5)
   printer.forward(200)
   printer.write('3', align='center', font=("Courier", 14, "bold"))
   printer.left(2.5)
   printer.back(400)
   printer.write('9', align='center', font=("Courier", 14, "bold"))
   printer.home()
   turtle.tracer(True)
   # 100ms调用一次
   turtle.ontimer(lambda: startTick(second_hand, minute_hand, hour_hand, printer), 100)

3.运行时钟

'''开始运行时钟'''
def start():
   # 不显示绘制时钟的过程
   turtle.tracer(False)
   turtle.mode('logo')
   createHand('second_hand', 150)
   createHand('minute_hand', 125)
   createHand('hour_hand', 85)
   # 秒, 分, 时
   second_hand = turtle.Turtle()
   second_hand.shape('second_hand')
   minute_hand = turtle.Turtle()
   minute_hand.shape('minute_hand')
   hour_hand = turtle.Turtle()
   hour_hand.shape('hour_hand')
   for hand in [second_hand, minute_hand, hour_hand]:
      hand.shapesize(1, 1, 3)
      hand.speed(0)
   # 用于打印日期等文字
   printer = turtle.Turtle()
   printer.hideturtle()
   printer.penup()
   createClock(160)
   # 开始显示轨迹
   turtle.tracer(True)
   startTick(second_hand, minute_hand, hour_hand, printer)
   turtle.mainloop()


if __name__ == '__main__':
   start()

4.展示效果

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