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Java GUI编程（7）- Swing总结概述

2023-02-18 16:23:24 时间

awt使用的是系统自带的组件，swing是Java自己画出来的组件。awt依赖系统，swing可跨平台，并且比awt更美观

窗口

窗口常见四种关闭方式

  •  EXIT_ON_CLOSE ：退出
  •  HIDE_ON_CLOSE ：隐藏窗口
  •  DO_NOTHING_ON_CLOSE ：关闭的窗口的时候不做任何操作
  •  DISPOSE_ON_CLOSE ：最后一个窗口被关闭执行关闭操作

public class JFrameDemo {
    //init();初始化
    public void init(){
        JFrame jFrame = new JFrame("这是一个JFrame窗口");
        jFrame.setVisible(true);
        jFrame.setBounds(1,1,200,200);

        //设置文字
        JLabel jLabel = new JLabel("HelloWorld");
        jFrame.add(jLabel);
        //关闭事件
        jFrame.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);

    }
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //建立一个窗口
        new JFrameDemo().init();
    }
}

标签居中，添加颜色，获取容器

public class JFrameDemo02 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new MyJframe().init();
    }
}
class MyJframe extends JFrame{
    public void init(){

        this.setTitle("这是JFrame窗口");
        this.setVisible(true);
        this.setBounds(1,1,200,200);

        JLabel jLabel = new JLabel("HelloWorld");
        this.add(jLabel);

        //让文本标签居中
        jLabel.setHorizontalAlignment(SwingConstants.CENTER);

        //获得一个容器
        Container contentPane = this.getContentPane();
        //设置颜色，颜色只有在容器上才会生效
        contentPane.setBackground(Color.yellow);

        //关闭窗口
        this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);

    }
}

JDialog弹窗

 1 //主窗口
 2 public class DialogDemo extends JFrame {
 3     public DialogDemo(){
 4         this.setVisible(true);
 5         this.setSize(500,700);
 6         this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
 7 
 8         //获得一个容器，放东西
 9         Container contentPane = this.getContentPane();
10         //绝对布局
11         contentPane.setLayout(null);
12 
13         //按钮
14         JButton jButton = new JButton("危险");
15         jButton.setSize(100,200);
16 
17         //点击按钮的时候，弹出一个弹窗
18         jButton.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
19             @Override
20             public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
21                 new MyDialogDemo();
22             }
23         });
24         contentPane.add(jButton);
25     }
26 
27     public static void main(String[] args) {
28         new DialogDemo();
29     }
30 }
31 
32 //弹窗的窗口
33 class MyDialogDemo extends JDialog{
34     public MyDialogDemo(){
35         this.setVisible(true);
36         this.setBounds(100,100,500,500);
37 //        this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);自带关闭事件，不需要添加
38 
39         Container contentPane = this.getContentPane();
40         contentPane.setLayout(null);
41 
42         JLabel jLabel = new JLabel("好好学习，别开小差");
43         jLabel.setSize(200,50);
44         contentPane.add(jLabel);
45     }
46 }

 Icon、ImageIcon标签

 1 //图标标签，需要实现类，Frame继承
 2 public class IconDemo extends JFrame implements Icon {
 3     private int width;
 4     private int height;
 5 
 6     public static void main(String[] args) {
 7         new IconDemo().init();
 8     }
 9 
10     //无参构造
11     public IconDemo(){}
12 
13     //有参构造
14     public IconDemo(int width,int height){
15         this.width=width;
16         this.height=height;
17     }
18 
19     //初始化代码
20     public void init(){
21         IconDemo iconDemo = new IconDemo(15,15);
22         //图标放在标签，也可以放在按钮上
23         JLabel jLabel = new JLabel("icontest",iconDemo,SwingConstants.CENTER);
24         Container container = this.getContentPane();
25         container.add(jLabel);
26         this.setVisible(true);
27         this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
28     }
29 
30     @Override
31     public void paintIcon(Component c, Graphics g, int x, int y) {
32         g.fillOval(x,y,width,height);
33     }
34 
35     @Override
36     public int getIconWidth() {
37         return this.width;
38     }
39 
40     @Override
41     public int getIconHeight() {
42         return this.height;
43     }
44 }
 1 //图片标签
 2 public class ImageIconDemo extends JFrame {
 3     public static void main(String[] args) {
 4         new ImageIconDemo();
 5     }
 6 
 7     public ImageIconDemo(){
 8         //获取图片地址
 9         URL resource = ImageIconDemo.class.getResource("1.png");
10         JLabel jLabel = new JLabel("ImageIcon");
11 
12         ImageIcon imageIcon = new ImageIcon(resource);
13         jLabel.setIcon(imageIcon);
14         jLabel.setHorizontalAlignment(SwingConstants.CENTER);
15 
16         Container container = this.getContentPane();
17         container.add(jLabel);
18 
19         setVisible(true);
20         setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
21         setBounds(100,100,300,300);
22     }
23 }

 文本域JScroll面板

 1 public class JPanelDemo extends JFrame {
 2     public static void main(String[] args) {
 3         new JPanelDemo();
 4     }
 5 
 6     public JPanelDemo(){
 7         Container container = this.getContentPane();
 8         container.setLayout(new GridLayout(2,1,10,10));//最后面的两个参数是设置间距的
 9 
10         JPanel jPanel = new JPanel(new GridLayout(1,3));
11         JPanel jPane2 = new JPanel(new GridLayout(1,2));
12         JPanel jPane3 = new JPanel(new GridLayout(2,1));
13         JPanel jPane4 = new JPanel(new GridLayout(3,2));
14 
15         jPanel.add(new JButton("1"));
16         jPanel.add(new JButton("1"));
17         jPanel.add(new JButton("1"));
18         jPanel.add(new JButton("1"));
19         jPane2.add(new JButton("2"));
20         jPane2.add(new JButton("2"));
21         jPane3.add(new JButton("3"));
22         jPane3.add(new JButton("3"));
23         jPane4.add(new JButton("4"));
24         jPane4.add(new JButton("4"));
25         jPane4.add(new JButton("4"));
26         jPane4.add(new JButton("4"));
27         jPane4.add(new JButton("4"));
28         jPane4.add(new JButton("4"));
29 
30         container.add(jPanel);
31         container.add(jPane2);
32         container.add(jPane3);
33         container.add(jPane4);
34 
35         this.setVisible(true);
36         this.setSize(500,500);
37         this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
38     }
39 }
 1 public class JScrollDemo extends JFrame {
 2     public static void main(String[] args) {
 3         JScrollDemo jScrollDemo = new JScrollDemo();
 4     }
 5 
 6     public JScrollDemo(){
 7         Container container = this.getContentPane();
 8 
 9         //文本域
10         JTextArea jTextArea = new JTextArea(20,50);
11         jTextArea.setText("HelloWorld");
12 
13         //SCroll面板
14         JScrollPane jScrollPane = new JScrollPane(jTextArea);
15         container.add(jScrollPane);
16 
17 
18         this.setVisible(true);
19         this.setSize(500,500);
20         this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
21     }
22 }

图片按钮、单选框、多选框

 1 //图片按钮
 2 public class JButton01 extends JFrame{
 3     public static void main(String[] args) {
 4         new JButton01();
 5     }
 6     public JButton01(){
 7         Container container = this.getContentPane();
 8         //将一个图片变为图标
 9         URL url = JButton01.class.getResource("3.png");
10         Icon icon = new ImageIcon(url);
11 
12         //将这个图标放在按钮上
13         JButton jButton = new JButton();
14         jButton.setIcon(icon);
15         jButton.setToolTipText("图片按钮");
16 
17         //add
18         container.add(jButton);
19 
20         this.setVisible(true);
21         this.setSize(100,100);
22         this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
23 
24     }
25 }
 1 //单选框
 2 public class JButtonDemo02 extends JFrame {
 3     public static void main(String[] args) {
 4         new JButtonDemo02();
 5     }
 6 
 7     public JButtonDemo02(){
 8         Container container = this.getContentPane();
 9         //将一个图片变为图标
10         URL url = JButton01.class.getResource("3.png");
11         Icon icon = new ImageIcon(url);
12 
13         //单选框
14         JRadioButton jRadioButton1 = new JRadioButton("JRadioButton1");
15         JRadioButton jRadioButton2 = new JRadioButton("JRadioButton2");
16         JRadioButton jRadioButton3 = new JRadioButton("JRadioButton3");
17 
18         //由于单选框只能选择一个，所以需要进行分组，在一个组中只能选择一个
19         ButtonGroup group = new ButtonGroup();
20         group.add(jRadioButton1);
21         group.add(jRadioButton2);
22         group.add(jRadioButton3);
23 
24         container.add(jRadioButton1,BorderLayout.CENTER);
25         container.add(jRadioButton2,BorderLayout.NORTH);
26         container.add(jRadioButton3,BorderLayout.SOUTH);
27 
28         this.setVisible(true);
29         this.setSize(300,500);
30         this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
31     }
32 }
 1 //多选框
 2 public class JButtonDemo03 extends JFrame{
 3     public static void main(String[] args) {
 4         new JButtonDemo03();
 5     }
 6 
 7     public JButtonDemo03(){
 8         Container container = this.getContentPane();
 9         //将一个图片变为图标
10         URL url = JButton01.class.getResource("3.png");
11         Icon icon = new ImageIcon(url);
12 
13         //多选框
14         JCheckBox jCheckBox1 = new JCheckBox("jCheckBox01");
15         JCheckBox jCheckBox2 = new JCheckBox("jCheckBox02");
16 
17         container.add(jCheckBox1,BorderLayout.NORTH);
18         container.add(jCheckBox2,BorderLayout.SOUTH);
19 
20         this.setVisible(true);
21         this.setSize(300,500);
22         this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
23     }
24 }

下拉框，列表框

 1 //下拉框
 2 public class TestCombobxDemo01 extends JFrame {
 3     public TestCombobxDemo01(){
 4         Container container = this.getContentPane();
 5 
 6         JComboBox status = new JComboBox();
 7         status.addItem(null);
 8         status.addItem("正在上映");
 9         status.addItem("已下架");
10         status.addItem("即将上映");
11 
12         container.add(status);
13         
14         this.setVisible(true);
15         this.setSize(500,500);
16         this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
17     }
18 
19     public static void main(String[] args) {
20         new TestCombobxDemo01();
21     }
22 }
 1 //列表框
 2 public class TestCombobxDemo02 extends JFrame {
 3     public TestCombobxDemo02(){
 4         Container container = this.getContentPane();
 5 
 6         //生成列表的内容
 7         String[] contents = {"1","2","3"};
 8         //列表中需要放入内容
 9         JList jList = new JList(contents);
10 
11         container.add(jList);
12 
13         this.setVisible(true);
14         this.setSize(500,500);
15         this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
16     }
17 
18     public static void main(String[] args) {
19         new TestCombobxDemo02();
20     }
21 }

文本框、密码框、文本域

 1 //文本框
 2 public class TestTextDeno01 extends JFrame {
 3     public TestTextDeno01(){
 4         Container container = this.getContentPane();
 5 
 6         JTextField jTextField1 = new JTextField("Hello",20);
 7         JTextField jTextField2 = new JTextField("World");
 8 
 9         container.add(jTextField1,BorderLayout.NORTH);
10         container.add(jTextField2,BorderLayout.SOUTH);
11 
12         this.setVisible(true);
13         this.setSize(500,500);
14         this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
15     }
16 
17     public static void main(String[] args) {
18         new TestTextDeno01();
19     }
20 }
 1 //密码框
 2 public class TestTextDeno02 extends JFrame {
 3     public TestTextDeno02(){
 4         Container container = this.getContentPane();
 5 
 6         JPasswordField jPasswordField = new JPasswordField();
 7         jPasswordField.setEchoChar('*');
 8         container.add(jPasswordField);
 9 
10         this.setVisible(true);
11         this.setSize(500,500);
12         this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
13     }
14 
15     public static void main(String[] args) {
16         new TestTextDeno02();
17     }
18 }
 1 //文本域
 2 public class TestTextDeno03 extends JFrame {
 3     public static void main(String[] args) {
 4         new TestTextDeno03();
 5     }
 6 
 7     public TestTextDeno03(){
 8         Container container = this.getContentPane();
 9 
10         //文本域
11         JTextArea jTextArea = new JTextArea(20,50);
12         jTextArea.setText("HelloWorld");
13 
14         //SCroll面板
15         JScrollPane jScrollPane = new JScrollPane(jTextArea);
16         container.add(jScrollPane);
17         
18         this.setVisible(true);
19         this.setSize(500,500);
20         this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
21     }
22 }

 

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