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10000 字讲清楚 Spring Boot 注解原理 下

SpringBoot 原理
2023-03-14 22:53:48 时间

接下来看@ComponentScan注解，@ComponentScan(excludeFilters = { @Filter(type = FilterType.CUSTOM, classes = TypeExcludeFilter.class), @Filter(type = FilterType.CUSTOM, classes = AutoConfigurationExcludeFilter.class) })，这个注解就是扫描包，然后放入spring容器。

@ComponentScan(excludeFilters = {
  @Filter(type = FilterType.CUSTOM,classes = {TypeExcludeFilter.class}), 
  @Filter(type = FilterType.CUSTOM,classes = {AutoConfigurationExcludeFilter.class})})
public @interface SpringBootApplication {}

总结下@SpringbootApplication：就是说，他已经把很多东西准备好，具体是否使用取决于我们的程序或者说配置。

接下来继续看run方法：

public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(Application.class, args);
    }

来看下在执行run方法到底有没有用到哪些自动配置的东西，我们点进run：

public ConfigurableApplicationContext run(String... args) {
    //计时器
    StopWatch stopWatch = new StopWatch();
    stopWatch.start();
    ConfigurableApplicationContext context = null;
    Collection<SpringBootExceptionReporter> exceptionReporters = new ArrayList();
    this.configureHeadlessProperty();
    //监听器
    SpringApplicationRunListeners listeners = this.getRunListeners(args);
    listeners.starting();
 
    Collection exceptionReporters;
    try {
        ApplicationArguments applicationArguments = new DefaultApplicationArguments(args);
        ConfigurableEnvironment environment = this.prepareEnvironment(listeners, applicationArguments);
        this.configureIgnoreBeanInfo(environment);
        Banner printedBanner = this.printBanner(environment);
        //准备上下文
        context = this.createApplicationContext();
        exceptionReporters = this.getSpringFactoriesInstances(SpringBootExceptionReporter.class,                       new Class[]{ConfigurableApplicationContext.class}, context);
        //预刷新context
        this.prepareContext(context, environment, listeners, applicationArguments, printedBanner);
        //刷新context
        this.refreshContext(context);
        //刷新之后的context
        this.afterRefresh(context, applicationArguments);
        stopWatch.stop();
        if (this.logStartupInfo) {
            (new StartupInfoLogger(this.mainApplicationClass)).logStarted(this.getApplicationLog(), stopWatch);
        }
 
        listeners.started(context);
        this.callRunners(context, applicationArguments);
    } catch (Throwable var10) {
        this.handleRunFailure(context, var10, exceptionReporters, listeners);
        throw new IllegalStateException(var10);
    }
 
    try {
        listeners.running(context);
        return context;
    } catch (Throwable var9) {
        this.handleRunFailure(context, var9, exceptionReporters, (SpringApplicationRunListeners)null);
        throw new IllegalStateException(var9);
    }
}

那我们关注的就是 refreshContext(context); 刷新context，我们点进来看。

private void refreshContext(ConfigurableApplicationContext context) {
   refresh(context);
   if (this.registerShutdownHook) {
      try {
         context.registerShutdownHook();
      }
      catch (AccessControlException ex) {
         // Not allowed in some environments.
      }
   }
}

我们继续点进refresh(context);

protected void refresh(ApplicationContext applicationContext) {
   Assert.isInstanceOf(AbstractApplicationContext.class, applicationContext);
   ((AbstractApplicationContext) applicationContext).refresh();
}

他会调用 ((AbstractApplicationContext) applicationContext).refresh();方法，我们点进来看：

public void refresh() throws BeansException, IllegalStateException {
   synchronized (this.startupShutdownMonitor) {
      // Prepare this context for refreshing.
      prepareRefresh();
      // Tell the subclass to refresh the internal bean factory.
      ConfigurableListableBeanFactory beanFactory = obtainFreshBeanFactory();
      // Prepare the bean factory for use in this context.
      prepareBeanFactory(beanFactory);
 
      try {
         // Allows post-processing of the bean factory in context subclasses.
         postProcessBeanFactory(beanFactory);
         // Invoke factory processors registered as beans in the context.
         invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors(beanFactory);
         // Register bean processors that intercept bean creation.
         registerBeanPostProcessors(beanFactory);
         // Initialize message source for this context.
         initMessageSource();
         // Initialize event multicaster for this context.
         initApplicationEventMulticaster();
         // Initialize other special beans in specific context subclasses.
         onRefresh();
         // Check for listener beans and register them.
         registerListeners();
         // Instantiate all remaining (non-lazy-init) singletons.
         finishBeanFactoryInitialization(beanFactory);
         // Last step: publish corresponding event.
         finishRefresh();
      }catch (BeansException ex) {
         if (logger.isWarnEnabled()) {
            logger.warn("Exception encountered during context initialization - " +
                  "cancelling refresh attempt: " + ex);
         }
         // Destroy already created singletons to avoid dangling resources.
         destroyBeans();
         // Reset 'active' flag.
         cancelRefresh(ex);
         // Propagate exception to caller.
         throw ex;
      }finally {
         // Reset common introspection caches in Spring's core, since we
         // might not ever need metadata for singleton beans anymore...
         resetCommonCaches();
      }
   }
}

由此可知，就是一个spring的bean的加载过程。继续来看一个方法叫做 onRefresh()：

protected void onRefresh() throws BeansException {
   // For subclasses: do nothing by default.
}

他在这里并没有直接实现，但是我们找他的具体实现：

image

比如Tomcat跟web有关，我们可以看到有个ServletWebServerApplicationContext：

@Override
protected void onRefresh() {
   super.onRefresh();
   try {
      createWebServer();
   }
   catch (Throwable ex) {
      throw new ApplicationContextException("Unable to start web server", ex);
   }
}

可以看到有一个createWebServer();方法他是创建web容器的，而Tomcat不就是web容器，那是如何创建的呢，我们继续看：

private void createWebServer() {
   WebServer webServer = this.webServer;
   ServletContext servletContext = getServletContext();
   if (webServer == null && servletContext == null) {
      ServletWebServerFactory factory = getWebServerFactory();
      this.webServer = factory.getWebServer(getSelfInitializer());
   }
   else if (servletContext != null) {
      try {
         getSelfInitializer().onStartup(servletContext);
      }
      catch (ServletException ex) {
         throw new ApplicationContextException("Cannot initialize servlet context",
               ex);
      }
   }
   initPropertySources();
}

factory.getWebServer(getSelfInitializer());他是通过工厂的方式创建的。

public interface ServletWebServerFactory {
   WebServer getWebServer(ServletContextInitializer... initializers);
}

可以看到 它是一个接口，为什么会是接口。因为我们不止是Tomcat一种web容器。

image

我们看到还有Jetty，那我们来看TomcatServletWebServerFactory：

@Override
public WebServer getWebServer(ServletContextInitializer... initializers) {
   Tomcat tomcat = new Tomcat();
   File baseDir = (this.baseDirectory != null) ? this.baseDirectory
         : createTempDir("tomcat");
   tomcat.setBaseDir(baseDir.getAbsolutePath());
   Connector connector = new Connector(this.protocol);
   tomcat.getService().addConnector(connector);
   customizeConnector(connector);
   tomcat.setConnector(connector);
   tomcat.getHost().setAutoDeploy(false);
   configureEngine(tomcat.getEngine());
   for (Connector additionalConnector : this.additionalTomcatConnectors) {
      tomcat.getService().addConnector(additionalConnector);
   }
   prepareContext(tomcat.getHost(), initializers);
   return getTomcatWebServer(tomcat);
}

那这块代码，就是我们要寻找的内置Tomcat，在这个过程当中，我们可以看到创建Tomcat的一个流程。

如果不明白的话， 我们在用另一种方式来理解下，大家要应该都知道stater举点例子。

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-redis</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-freemarker</artifactId>
</dependency>

首先自定义一个stater。

<parent>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
    <version>2.1.4.RELEASE</version>
    <relativePath/>
</parent>
<groupId>com.zgw</groupId>
<artifactId>gw-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
 
<dependencies>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-autoconfigure</artifactId>
    </dependency>
</dependencies>

我们先来看maven配置写入版本号，如果自定义一个stater的话必须依赖spring-boot-autoconfigure这个包,我们先看下项目目录。

image

public class GwServiceImpl  implements GwService{
    @Autowired
    GwProperties properties;
 
    @Override
    public void Hello()
    {
        String name=properties.getName();
        System.out.println(name+"说:你们好啊");
    }
}

我们做的就是通过配置文件来定制name这个是具体实现。

@Component
@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "spring.gwname")
public class GwProperties {
 
    String name="zgw";
 
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
 
    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }
}

这个类可以通过@ConfigurationProperties读取配置文件。

@Configuration
@ConditionalOnClass(GwService.class)  //扫描类
@EnableConfigurationProperties(GwProperties.class) //让配置类生效
public class GwAutoConfiguration {
 
    /**
    * 功能描述 托管给spring
    * @author zgw
    * @return
    */
    @Bean
    @ConditionalOnMissingBean
    public GwService gwService()
    {
        return new GwServiceImpl();
    }
}

这个为配置类，为什么这么写因为，spring-boot的stater都是这么写的，我们可以参照他仿写stater，以达到自动配置的目的，然后我们在通过spring.factories也来进行配置。

org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.EnableAutoConfiguration=com.gw.GwAutoConfiguration

然后这样一个简单的stater就完成了，然后可以进行maven的打包，在其他项目引入就可以使用。

来自：博客园

链接：cnblogs.com/cmt/p/14553189.html

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