zl程序教程

您现在的位置是:首页 >  其他

当前栏目

2021年最新最全Flink系列教程_Flink原理初探和流批一体API(二)

2023-04-18 12:54:43 时间

day02_流批一体API

今日目标

  • 流处理概念(理解)
  • 程序结构之数据源Source(掌握)
  • 程序结构之数据转换Transformation(掌握)
  • 程序结构之数据落地Sink(掌握)
  • Flink连接器Connectors(理解)

流处理概念

数据的时效性

  • 强调的是数据的处理时效 网站的数据访问,被爬虫爬取

流处理和批处理

  • 流处理是无界的
    • 窗口操作来划分数据的边界进行计算
  • 批处理是有界的
  • 在Flink1.12时支持流批一体 既支持流处理也支持批处理。

编程模型

  • source
  • transformation
  • sink

Source

基于File

  • 需求env.readTextFile(本地/HDFS文件/文件夹);//压缩文件也可以
package cn.itcast.sz22.day02;

import org.apache.flink.streaming.api.datastream.DataStreamSource;
import org.apache.flink.streaming.api.environment.StreamExecutionEnvironment;

/**
 * Author itcast
 * Date 2021/5/5 9:50
 * env.readTextFile(本地/HDFS文件/文件夹);//压缩文件也可以
 */
public class FileSourceDemo {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        //创建执行环境
        StreamExecutionEnvironment env = StreamExecutionEnvironment.getExecutionEnvironment();
        //读取文件 hdfs://node1:8020/user/root/xxx.txt
        //读取通过 gzip 压缩的 gz 文件
        DataStreamSource<String> source1 = env.readTextFile("data/hello.txt");
        DataStreamSource<String> source2 = env.readTextFile("D:\_java_workspace\sz22\data\hello.txt.gz");
        //打印文本
        source1.print();
        source2.print("source2:");
        //执行流环境
        env.execute();
    }
}

基于数据集合 fromElemet

custom

package cn.itcast.sz22.day02;

import lombok.AllArgsConstructor;
import lombok.Data;
import lombok.NoArgsConstructor;
import org.apache.flink.configuration.Configuration;
import org.apache.flink.streaming.api.datastream.DataStreamSource;
import org.apache.flink.streaming.api.environment.StreamExecutionEnvironment;
import org.apache.flink.streaming.api.functions.source.RichSourceFunction;

import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.DriverManager;
import java.sql.PreparedStatement;
import java.sql.ResultSet;

/**
 * Author itcast
 * Date 2021/5/5 10:32
 * Desc TODO
 */
public class MySQLSourceDemo {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        StreamExecutionEnvironment env = StreamExecutionEnvironment.getExecutionEnvironment();
        //1.env 设置并行度为 1
        env.setParallelism(1);
        //2.source,创建连接MySQL数据源 数据源,每2秒钟生成一条数据
        DataStreamSource<Student> source = env.addSource(new RichSourceFunction<Student>() {
            Connection conn;
            PreparedStatement ps;
            boolean flag = true;

            @Override
            public void open(Configuration parameters) throws Exception {
                //连接数据源
                conn = DriverManager.getConnection("jdbc:mysql://192.168.88.100:3306/bigdata?useSSL=false"
                        , "root", "123456");
                //编写读取数据表的sql
                String sql = "select `id`,`name`,age from t_student";
                //准备 preparestatement SQL
                ps = conn.prepareStatement(sql);
            }

            @Override
            public void run(SourceContext<Student> ctx) throws Exception {
                while (flag) {
                    ResultSet rs = ps.executeQuery();
                    while (rs.next()) {
                        int id = rs.getInt("id");
                        String name = rs.getString("name");
                        int age = rs.getInt("age");
                        Student student = new Student(id, name, age);
                        ctx.collect(student);
                    }
                }
            }

            @Override
            public void cancel() {
                flag = false;
            }

            @Override
            public void close() throws Exception {
                ps.close();
                conn.close();
            }
        });
        //3.打印数据源
        //4.执行
        //创建静态内部类 Student ,字段为 id name age
        //创建静态内部类 MySQLSource 继承RichParallelSourceFunction
        // 实现 open 方法
        // 获取数据库连接 mysql5.7版本
         jdbc:mysql://192.168.88.100:3306/bigdata?useSSL=false
        // 实现 run 方法
        source.print();
        env.execute();
    }

    @Data
    @AllArgsConstructor
    @NoArgsConstructor
    public static class Student {
        private int id;
        private String name;
        private int age;
    }
}

socket 套接字

Transformation

转换操作的数据操作类型

  • 对于单条数据的处理 map filter
  • 对于多条数据,window窗口内的数据处理 reduce
  • 合流 union join 将多个流合并到一起
  • 分流 将一个数据流分成多个数据流 spit或 outputTag

案例

  • 对流数据中的单词进行统计,排除敏感词heihei
package cn.itcast.sz22.day02;

import org.apache.flink.api.common.typeinfo.Types;
import org.apache.flink.api.java.tuple.Tuple2;
import org.apache.flink.streaming.api.datastream.DataStreamSource;
import org.apache.flink.streaming.api.datastream.SingleOutputStreamOperator;
import org.apache.flink.streaming.api.environment.StreamExecutionEnvironment;
import org.apache.flink.util.Collector;

import java.util.Arrays;

/**
 * Author itcast
 * Date 2021/5/5 9:59
 * 1.filter过滤 将单词中  heihei 单词过滤掉
 * 2.reduce聚合
 */
public class SocketSourceFilterDemo {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        //1.env
        StreamExecutionEnvironment env = StreamExecutionEnvironment.getExecutionEnvironment();
        //2.source socketSource
        DataStreamSource<String> source = env.socketTextStream("192.168.88.100", 9998);
        //3.处理数据-transformation
        SingleOutputStreamOperator<Tuple2<String, Integer>> result = source
                .flatMap((String value, Collector<String> out) -> Arrays
                        .stream(value.split(" ")).forEach(out::collect))
                .returns(Types.STRING)
                //过滤掉 包含 heihei 单词的所有信息 boolean filter(T value)
                .filter(word-> !word.equals("heihei"))
                .map(value -> Tuple2.of(value, 1))
                .returns(Types.TUPLE(Types.STRING, Types.INT))
                .keyBy(t -> t.f0)
                //.sum(1);
                //T reduce(T value1, T value2)
                // hadoop,1 hadoop,1 => hadoop,1+1
        .reduce((Tuple2<String,Integer> a,Tuple2<String,Integer> b)->Tuple2.of(a.f0,a.f1+b.f1));
        //3.1每一行数据按照空格切分成一个个的单词组成一个集合
        //3.2对集合中的每个单词记为1
        //3.3对数据按照单词(key)进行分组
        //3.4对各个组内的数据按照数量(value)进行聚合就是求sum
        //4.输出结果-sink
        result.print();
        //5.触发执行-execute
        env.execute();
    }
}

合并-拆分

  • connect 不同的数据类型进行流合并
  • union 相同的数据类型进行流合并

案例

需求: 将两个String类型的流进行union

将一个String类型和一个Long类型的流进行connect

import org.apache.flink.api.common.RuntimeExecutionMode;
import org.apache.flink.streaming.api.datastream.ConnectedStreams;
import org.apache.flink.streaming.api.datastream.DataStream;
import org.apache.flink.streaming.api.datastream.SingleOutputStreamOperator;
import org.apache.flink.streaming.api.environment.StreamExecutionEnvironment;
import org.apache.flink.streaming.api.functions.co.CoMapFunction;

/**
 * Author itcast
 * Date 2021/5/5 11:24
 * 将两个String类型的流进行union
 * 将一个String类型和一个Long类型的流进行connect
 *
 */
public class UnionAndConnectDemo {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        //1.env
        StreamExecutionEnvironment env = StreamExecutionEnvironment.getExecutionEnvironment();
        env.setRuntimeMode(RuntimeExecutionMode.AUTOMATIC);
        env.setParallelism(1);
        //2.Source
        DataStream<String> ds1 = env.fromElements("hadoop", "spark", "flink");
        DataStream<String> ds2 = env.fromElements("hadoop", "spark", "flink");
        DataStream<Long> ds3 = env.fromElements(1L, 2L, 3L);
        //3. transformation
        //3.1 union
        DataStream<String> union = ds1.union(ds2);
        union.print("union:");
        //3.2 connect
        ConnectedStreams<String, Long> connect = ds1.connect(ds3);
        SingleOutputStreamOperator<String> source2 = connect.map(new CoMapFunction<String, Long, String>() {
            @Override
            public String map1(String value) throws Exception {
                return "string->string:" + value;
            }

            @Override
            public String map2(Long value) throws Exception {
                return "Long->Long:" + value;
            }
        });
        //打印输出
        source2.print("connect:");
        env.execute();
    }
}

拆分

  • 将数据流拆分成多个数据流

案例

  • 需求:对流中的数据按照奇数和偶数进行分流,并获取分流后的数据
package cn.itcast.sz22.day02;

import org.apache.flink.api.common.RuntimeExecutionMode;
import org.apache.flink.api.common.typeinfo.TypeInformation;
import org.apache.flink.streaming.api.datastream.DataStream;
import org.apache.flink.streaming.api.datastream.DataStreamSource;
import org.apache.flink.streaming.api.datastream.SingleOutputStreamOperator;
import org.apache.flink.streaming.api.environment.StreamExecutionEnvironment;
import org.apache.flink.streaming.api.functions.ProcessFunction;
import org.apache.flink.util.Collector;
import org.apache.flink.util.OutputTag;

/**
 * Author itcast
 * Date 2021/5/5 11:35
 * 对流中的数据按照奇数和偶数进行分流,并获取分流后的数据
 */
public class SplitStreamDemo {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        //1.env
        StreamExecutionEnvironment env = StreamExecutionEnvironment.getExecutionEnvironment();
        env.setRuntimeMode(RuntimeExecutionMode.AUTOMATIC);
        env.setParallelism(1);
        //2.Source 比如 1-20之间的数字
        DataStreamSource<Long> source = env.fromSequence(1, 20);
        //定义两个输出tag 一个奇数 一个偶数,指定类型为Long
        OutputTag<Long> odd = new OutputTag<>("odd", TypeInformation.of(Long.class));
        OutputTag<Long> even = new OutputTag<>("even", TypeInformation.of(Long.class));
        //对source的数据进行process处理区分奇偶数
        SingleOutputStreamOperator<Long> processDS = source.process(new ProcessFunction<Long, Long>() {
            @Override
            public void processElement(Long value, Context ctx, Collector<Long> out) throws Exception {
                if (value % 2 == 0) {
                    ctx.output(even, value);
                } else {
                    ctx.output(odd, value);
                }
            }
        });
        //3.获取两个侧输出流
        DataStream<Long> evenDS = processDS.getSideOutput(even);
        DataStream<Long> oddDS = processDS.getSideOutput(odd);
        //4.sink打印输出
        evenDS.printToErr("even");
        oddDS.print("odd");
        //5.execute
        env.execute();
    }
}

repartition 重分区

Sink

  • 打印到控制台
  • 输出到文件
package cn.itcast.sz22.day02;

import lombok.AllArgsConstructor;
import lombok.Data;
import lombok.NoArgsConstructor;
import org.apache.flink.configuration.Configuration;
import org.apache.flink.streaming.api.datastream.DataStream;
import org.apache.flink.streaming.api.environment.StreamExecutionEnvironment;
import org.apache.flink.streaming.api.functions.sink.RichSinkFunction;

import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.DriverManager;
import java.sql.PreparedStatement;

/**
 * Author itcast
 * Date 2021/5/5 16:00
 * 将 Student 集合数据sink到MySQL数据库中
 */
public class SinkMySQLDemo01 {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        //1.env
        StreamExecutionEnvironment env = StreamExecutionEnvironment.getExecutionEnvironment();
        //2.Source 定义 Student 对象
        DataStream<Student> studentDS = env.fromElements(new Student(null, "tonyma", 18));

        studentDS.addSink(new RichSinkFunction<Student>() {
            Connection conn;
            PreparedStatement ps;
            boolean flag = true;
            @Override
            public void open(Configuration parameters) throws Exception {
                //初始化操作,添加连接MySQL
                conn = DriverManager.getConnection("jdbc:mysql://192.168.88.100:3306/bigdata?useSSL=false"
                        , "root", "123456");
                String sql="INSERT INTO t_student(`id`,`name`,`age`) values(null,?,?)";
                ps = conn.prepareStatement(sql);
            }

            @Override
            public void invoke(Student value, Context context) throws Exception {
                ps.setString(1,value.getName());
                ps.setInt(2,value.getAge());
                ps.executeUpdate();
            }

            @Override
            public void close() throws Exception {
                ps.close();
                conn.close();
            }


        });
        //3.Transformation 暂时不需要
        //4.Sink 实现自定义 MySQL sink
        //5.execute

        //创建 Student 类,包含3个字段 id name age
        //创建 MySQLSink 类继承 RichSinkFunction
        //实现 open invoke close 方法
        env.execute();
    }
    @Data
    @AllArgsConstructor
    @NoArgsConstructor
    public static class Student {
        private String id;
        private String name;
        private int age;
    }
}

Connectors

JDBC

Kafka

  • 消费的起始位置
  • 消费者自动发现分区和topic
  • 设置FlinkKafkaConsumer 属性
package cn.itcast.sz22.day02;

import org.apache.flink.api.common.serialization.SimpleStringSchema;
import org.apache.flink.streaming.api.datastream.DataStreamSource;
import org.apache.flink.streaming.api.environment.StreamExecutionEnvironment;
import org.apache.flink.streaming.connectors.kafka.FlinkKafkaConsumer;

import java.util.Properties;

/**
 * Author itcast
 * Date 2021/5/5 17:23
 * 需求:使用flink-connector-kafka_2.12中的FlinkKafkaConsumer消费Kafka中的数据做WordCount
 * 需要设置如下参数:
 * 1.订阅的主题
 * 2.反序列化规则
 * 3.消费者属性-集群地址
 * 4.消费者属性-消费者组id(如果不设置,会有默认的,但是默认的不方便管理)
 * 5.消费者属性-offset重置规则,如earliest/latest...
 * 6.动态分区检测(当kafka的分区数变化/增加时,Flink能够检测到!)
 * 7.如果没有设置Checkpoint,那么可以设置自动提交offset,后续学习了Checkpoint会把offset随着做Checkpoint的时候提交到Checkpoint和默认主题中
 */
public class FlinkKafkaConsumerDemo {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        //1.env
        StreamExecutionEnvironment env = StreamExecutionEnvironment.getExecutionEnvironment();
        //开启checkpoint
        env.enableCheckpointing(5000);
        //2.Source
        Properties props  = new Properties();
        props.setProperty("bootstrap.servers", "node1:9092");
        props.setProperty("group.id", "flink");
        props.setProperty("auto.offset.reset","latest");
        props.setProperty("flink.partition-discovery.interval-millis","5000");//会开启一个后台线程每隔5s检测一下Kafka的分区情况
        props.setProperty("enable.auto.commit", "true");
        props.setProperty("auto.commit.interval.ms", "2000");
        FlinkKafkaConsumer<String> consumer = new FlinkKafkaConsumer<>("flink_kafka"
                , new SimpleStringSchema(), props);
        consumer.setStartFromEarliest();
        DataStreamSource<String> source = env.addSource(consumer).setParallelism(1);
        source.print();
        env.execute();

    }
}

redis

oolConfig config = new FlinkJedisPoolConfig.Builder() .setHost(“node1”).build(); result.addSink(new RedisSink>(config, new RedisMapperEx())); env.execute(); // * 最后将结果保存到Redis 实现 FlinkJedisPoolConfig // * 注意:存储到Redis的数据结构:使用hash也就是map // * key value // * WordCount (单词,数量)

      //-1.创建RedisSink之前需要创建RedisConfig
      //连接单机版Redis

//5.execute }

  public static class RedisMapperEx implements RedisMapper> {
      @Override
      public RedisCommandDescription getCommandDescription() {
          return new RedisCommandDescription(RedisCommand.HSET, "hashOpt");
      }

      @Override
      public String getKeyFromData(Tuple2 data) {
          return data.f0;
      }

      @Override
      public String getValueFromData(Tuple2 data) {
          return data.f1 + "";
      }
  }

}