Oracle监听口令及监听器安全

导读：很多人都知道，Oracle的监听器一直存在着一个安全隐患，假如不设置安全措施，那么能够访问的用户就可以远程关闭监听器。说到Oracle监听器就必须要讲到Oracle监听口令，下面将为大家详细介绍Oracle监听口令及监听器安全。

相关示例：

　　D:>lsnrctl stop eygle
　　LSNRCTL for 32-bit Windows: Version 10.2.0.3.0 - Production on 28-11月-2007 10:02:40
　　Copyright (c) 1991, 2006, Oracle. All rights reserved.
　　正在连接到 (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=172.16.33.11)(PORT=1521))
　　(CONNECT_DATA=(SERVICE_NAME=eygle)))
　　命令执行成功

大家可以发现，此时缺省的监听器的日志还无法记录操作地址：

　　No longer listening on: (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=172.16.33.11)(PORT=1521)))
　　28-NOV-2007 09:59:20 * (CONNECT_DATA=(CID=(PROGRAM=)(HOST=)(USER=Administrator))(COMMAND=stop)
　　(ARGUMENTS=64)(SERVICE=eygle)(VERSION=169870080)) * stop * 0

为了更好的保证监听器的安全，大家最好为监听设置密码：

　　[oracle@jumper log]$ lsnrctl
　　LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 9.2.0.4.0 - Production on 28-NOV-2007 10:18:17
　　Copyright (c) 1991, 2002, Oracle Corporation. All rights reserved.
　　Welcome to LSNRCTL, type "help" for information.
　　LSNRCTL> set current_listener listener
　　Current Listener is listener
　　LSNRCTL> change_password
　　Old password:
　　New password:
　　Reenter new password:
　　Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=172.16.33.11)(PORT=1521)))
　　Password changed for listener
　　The command completed successfully
　　LSNRCTL> set password
　　Password:
　　The command completed successfully
　　LSNRCTL> save_config
　　Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=172.16.33.11)(PORT=1521)))
　　Saved LISTENER configuration parameters.
　　Listener Parameter File /opt/oracle/product/9.2.0/network/admin/listener.ora
　　Old Parameter File /opt/oracle/product/9.2.0/network/admin/listener.bak
　　The command completed successfully

在我们设置密码后，远程操作将会因缺失密码而出现失败：

　　D:>lsnrctl stop eygle
　　LSNRCTL for 32-bit windows: Version 10.2.0.3.0 - Production on 28-11月-2007 10:22:57
　　Copyright (c) 1991, 2006, oracle. All rights reserved.
　　正在连接到 (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=172.16.33.11)
　　(PORT=1521))(CONNECT_DATA=(SERVICE_NAME=eygle)))
　　TNS-01169: 监听程序尚未识别口令

注意：此时在服务器端或客户端，都需要我们通过密码来起停监听器：

　　LSNRCTL> set password
　　Password:
　　The command completed successfully
　　LSNRCTL> stop
　　Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=172.16.33.11)(PORT=1521)))
　　The command completed successfully
　　LSNRCTL> start
　　Starting /opt/oracle/product/9.2.0/bin/tnslsnr: please wait...
　　TNSLSNR for linux: Version 9.2.0.4.0 - Production
　　System parameter file is /opt/oracle/product/9.2.0/network/admin/listener.ora
　　Log messages written to /opt/oracle/product/9.2.0/network/log/listener.log
　　Trace information written to /opt/oracle/product/9.2.0/network/trace/listener.trc
　　Listening on: (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=172.16.33.11)(PORT=1521)))
　　Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=172.16.33.11)(PORT=1521)))
　　STATUS of the LISTENER
　　------------------------
　　Alias LISTENER
　　Version TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 9.2.0.4.0 - Production
　　Start Date 28-NOV-2007 10:22:23
　　Uptime 0 days 0 hr. 0 min. 0 sec
　　Trace Level support
　　Security ON
　　SNMP OFF
　　Listener Parameter File /opt/oracle/product/9.2.0/network/admin/listener.ora
　　Listener Log File /opt/oracle/product/9.2.0/network/log/listener.log
　　Listener Trace File /opt/oracle/product/9.2.0/network/trace/listener.trc
　　Listening Endpoints Summary...
　　(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=172.16.33.11)(PORT=1521)))
　　Services Summary...
　　Service "eygle" has 1 instance(s).
　　Instance "eygle", status UNKNOWN, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
　　Service "julia" has 1 instance(s).
　　Instance "eygle", status UNKNOWN, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
　　The command completed successfully

　　另外，ADMIN_RESTRICTIONS参数也是一个重要的安全选项，大家可以在 listener.ora 文件中设置 ADMIN_RESTRICTIONS_ 为 ON，此后所有在运行时对监听器的修改都将会被阻止，所有对监听器的修改都必须通过手工修改listener.ora文件才能顺利完成。

本文讲到的内容很适合初学者去学习，大家要认真学习，好好的掌握，希望大家可以从中学习到您需要的知识，相信这篇文章可以帮到大家。

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